TEAS 7 science study guide free

TEAS 7 science study guide free Related

Review TEAS 7 science study guide free related questions and content

Which structure in the respiratory system serves as the 'windpipe' that conducts air from the larynx to the bronchi?

  • A. Trachea
  • B. Larynx
  • C. Bronchi
  • D. Alveoli
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is the trachea. The trachea, commonly referred to as the 'windpipe,' is a vital structure in the respiratory system that connects the larynx to the bronchi. It is made up of cartilage rings that provide structural support, preventing collapse and ensuring the unobstructed flow of air into the lungs. The trachea plays a crucial role in facilitating the passage of air from the upper respiratory tract to the lower respiratory tract. The larynx is responsible for sound production and is located above the trachea. The bronchi are the two main branches that lead from the trachea into the lungs, further branching into smaller airways. Alveoli are the tiny air sacs where gas exchange occurs in the lungs, but they are not the structure that serves as the 'windpipe' for air passage in the respiratory system.

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Which functional group is commonly found in ketones?

  • A. Hydroxyl
  • B. Carbonyl
  • C. Ester
  • D. Amine
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Ketones contain a carbonyl functional group, which consists of a carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom. This distinguishes ketones from other functional groups such as hydroxyl, ester, and amine. The presence of the carbonyl group, not hydroxyl (choice A), ester (choice C), or amine (choice D), is characteristic of ketones, making choice B, 'Carbonyl', the correct answer.

What is the primary purpose of control rods within a nuclear reactor?

  • A. Reflecting neutrons back into the core
  • B. Absorbing excess neutrons to control criticality
  • C. Moderating the velocity of neutrons
  • D. All of the above
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The primary purpose of control rods in a nuclear reactor is to absorb excess neutrons to control criticality. When inserted into the reactor core, control rods absorb neutrons, reducing the number available for sustaining the fission chain reaction. This action allows operators to manage the reactor power levels and prevent overheating or runaway reactions. Reflecting neutrons back into the core and moderating neutron velocity are not the primary functions of control rods in a nuclear reactor. Choice A is incorrect because control rods do not reflect neutrons back into the core but absorb them. Choice C is incorrect as the moderation of neutron velocity is typically achieved by other materials like a moderator (e.g., water, graphite) rather than control rods. Choice D is incorrect as control rods do not reflect neutrons or moderate neutron velocity, making it an incorrect option.

Which of the following organs is NOT directly involved in the mechanical breakdown of food?

  • A. Mouth
  • B. Stomach
  • C. Small intestine
  • D. Esophagus
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is the esophagus (D). The esophagus is not directly involved in the mechanical breakdown of food. Its primary function is to transport food from the mouth to the stomach through peristalsis, a series of muscular contractions. The mouth is involved in the initial mechanical breakdown by chewing and mixing food with saliva. The stomach mechanically breaks down food through churning movements, and the small intestine further breaks down food through peristalsis and segmentation. Choices A, B, and C are directly involved in mechanical breakdown processes. The mouth helps in chewing and mixing food with saliva, the stomach mechanically breaks down food through churning movements, and the small intestine continues the breakdown process with peristalsis and segmentation.

During exercise, heart rate increases to deliver more oxygen to the body's tissues. What other cardiovascular response also increases?

  • A. Blood pressure decreases
  • B. Blood vessel diameter narrows
  • C. Blood flow to muscles increases
  • D. Blood viscosity thickens
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: During exercise, the cardiovascular response includes an increase in blood flow to the muscles to deliver more oxygen and nutrients needed for energy production. This helps to support the increased demand for oxygen and nutrients by the working muscles. Blood pressure typically increases during exercise to help facilitate this increased blood flow to the muscles. Additionally, blood vessel diameter may widen (vasodilation) to allow for more blood flow, rather than narrow. Blood viscosity does not typically thicken during exercise.

What is the rigid structure that provides shape and support to plant cells?

  • A. Cell wall
  • B. Plasma membrane
  • C. Nucleus
  • D. Cytoplasm
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is the cell wall, as it is the rigid structure that provides shape and support to plant cells. The cell wall is located outside the plasma membrane and is primarily composed of cellulose, giving it its rigid nature. The plasma membrane (option B) is a semi-permeable membrane surrounding the cell that regulates the movement of substances in and out of the cell. The nucleus (option C) houses the cell's genetic material and controls cellular activities. Cytoplasm (option D) is the gel-like substance within the cell that surrounds organelles and where various cellular processes take place, but it does not provide the rigid structure and support that the cell wall does.

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