Nokea
Which substance would most likely need to be restricted in patients with heart failure who use diuretics to help reduce fluid retention?
- A. potassium
- B. magnesium
- C. sodium
- D. chloride
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
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Which enzyme is most essential for the digestion of triglycerides found in butterfat?
- A. Gastric lipase
- B. Pepsin
- C. Mucus
- D. Intrinsic factor
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Gastric lipase. Gastric lipase is crucial for the digestion of short- and medium-chain triglycerides, such as those found in butterfat. Pepsin is involved in protein digestion, not lipid digestion. Mucus acts as a protective barrier in the stomach and does not play a direct role in lipid digestion. Intrinsic factor is involved in the absorption of vitamin B12 and is not related to the digestion of triglycerides.
Why are LDLs known as the 'bad' type of cholesterol?
- A. LDL (Low-Density Lipoprotein) is considered 'bad' cholesterol because it deposits cholesterol on the walls of arteries, leading to plaque formation and narrowing of the arteries (atherosclerosis).
- B. Both the statement and the reason are correct but are not related
- C. The statement is correct, but the reason is not correct
- D. The statement is not correct, but the reason is correct
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: LDL (Low-Density Lipoprotein) is known as the 'bad' type of cholesterol because it deposits cholesterol on the walls of arteries, leading to plaque formation and narrowing of the arteries (atherosclerosis). This narrowing can restrict blood flow and increase the risk of serious cardiovascular conditions. The statement and the reason are directly related because the adherence of LDL to arterial walls and the subsequent narrowing of the lumen are the primary reasons why it is considered detrimental to heart health. Choice B is incorrect because the statement and reason are related. Choice C is incorrect because both the statement and the reason are correct. Choice D is incorrect because the statement correctly identifies LDL as the 'bad' type of cholesterol due to its actions in the arteries.
The two members of the health care team who work closely to monitor drug-nutrient interactions are the:
- A. physician and nurse
- B. physician and pharmacist
- C. nurse and clinical dietitian
- D. clinical dietitian and pharmacist
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: clinical dietitian and pharmacist. Clinical dietitians and pharmacists work closely together to monitor and manage drug-nutrient interactions. While physicians and nurses play essential roles in patient care, they are not typically the primary professionals involved in monitoring drug-nutrient interactions. Therefore, choices A, B, and C are incorrect.
Churns chyme and has an environment of pH2; holds 4-6 cups of food:
- A. stomach
- B. pancreas
- C. large intestine
- D. small intestine
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
What type of diet would most likely benefit a patient with cystic fibrosis?
- A. Low sodium
- B. Low fat
- C. Clear liquid
- D. High calorie, high protein
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Patients with cystic fibrosis often have malabsorption issues, leading to increased energy needs. A high-calorie, high-protein diet is recommended to help meet these needs, support growth, and maintain overall health. Choices A, B, and C do not address the specific dietary requirements associated with cystic fibrosis, making them less beneficial for these patients.