Biology HESI A2 Practice Test

Biology HESI A2 Practice Test Related

Review Biology HESI A2 Practice Test related questions and content

Which system maintains the body's balance through the release of hormones directly into the bloodstream?

  • A. The gastrointestinal system
  • B. The endocrine system
  • C. The digestive system
  • D. The endocrine system
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: The endocrine system. The endocrine system maintains the body's balance through the release of hormones directly into the bloodstream. Hormones produced by glands in the endocrine system regulate various bodily functions such as metabolism, growth, and reproduction. This system plays a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis by releasing hormones that help control and coordinate different processes in the body. Choices A, C, and B are incorrect. The gastrointestinal system is responsible for digestion, absorption of nutrients, and excretion of waste; the digestive system includes the gastrointestinal system and other accessory organs; and choice B is a duplicate of the correct answer.

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Which of the following is an example of human error in an experiment?

  • A. an imperfectly calibrated scale
  • B. contaminating a sterile sample by breathing on it
  • C. a draft in the laboratory slightly changing the temperature of a liquid
  • D. failure to account for wind speed when measuring distance traveled
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Contaminating a sterile sample by breathing on it is an example of human error in an experiment because it involves an action directly caused by the researcher that compromises the integrity of the sample. Breathing on a sterile sample introduces external contaminants that can affect the results. Choices A, C, and D involve factors not directly under the researcher's control or are technical errors that do not involve direct human actions.

In the scientific process, which of the following is a statement or explanation of certain events or happenings?

  • A. hypothesis
  • B. observation
  • C. experiment
  • D. conclusion
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: A hypothesis is a statement or explanation of certain events or phenomena based on observations and prior knowledge. It is a testable prediction that guides the scientific investigation process. By formulating a hypothesis, scientists can make predictions and design experiments to gather data and test the validity of the hypothesis. Observations (choice B) involve gathering information through the senses. Experiments (choice C) are procedures carried out to support or refute a hypothesis. Conclusions (choice D) are deductions made based on the results of experiments and observations, but they are not the initial statement or explanation of events or happenings.

Which is true of gametes?

  • A. They are diploid cells
  • B. They are haploid cells
  • C. They are somatic
  • D. A & C are true
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Gametes are sex cells (sperm and eggs) that are involved in sexual reproduction. They are haploid cells, meaning they have half the number of chromosomes (n) compared to diploid cells. This is necessary for the formation of a diploid zygote when two gametes unite during fertilization. Somatic cells are non-reproductive cells in the body, so they are not gametes. Choice A is incorrect because gametes are not diploid but haploid. Choice C is incorrect because gametes are not somatic cells.

Which of the following is true of homozygous traits?

  • A. They are haploid
  • B. They are denoted AA
  • C. They are denoted aa
  • D. They are denoted Aa
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Homozygous traits have two identical forms of the gene, either both dominant (AA) or both recessive (aa). Therefore, choices B and C are true for homozygous traits. Choice A is incorrect because being haploid refers to having a single set of chromosomes, not necessarily homozygous traits. Choice D is incorrect as homozygous traits have identical alleles, so they are not denoted as Aa.

Why does cellular respiration happen?

  • A. Cells can copy DNA
  • B. Cells can breathe
  • C. Cells can convert nutrients to energy
  • D. Cells can divide
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Cellular respiration is the process through which cells break down nutrients such as glucose to produce ATP (adenosine triphosphate), the energy currency of the cell. This process allows cells to extract energy from food molecules and use it for various cellular activities and functions. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because cellular respiration is specifically about converting nutrients to energy, not about DNA copying, breathing, or cell division.

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