Nokea
Which teaching method is most effective when providing health care instructions to members of specific populations?
- A. teach-back
- B. video instructions
- C. written materials
- D. verbal explanation
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The teach-back method ensures understanding by having patients repeat instructions in their own words, making it ideal for diverse populations with varying literacy levels. Video, written, or verbal methods may not confirm comprehension.
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A young boy is recently diagnosed with a seizure disorder. Which of the following statements by the boy's mother indicates a need for further teaching by the nurse?
- A. I should make sure he gets plenty of rest.'
- B. I should get him a medic alert bracelet.'
- C. I should lay him on his back during a seizure.'
- D. I should loosen his clothing during a seizure.'
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Laying a seizing child on their back risks aspiration; the correct position is on the side. The other statements reflect appropriate seizure management. Reduction of Risk Potential
A nurse is caring for a patient with diabetes mellitus who is scheduled for surgery. Which of the following is the most important preoperative assessment?
- A. Blood glucose level.
- B. Electrolyte levels.
- C. Complete blood count (CBC).
- D. Urinalysis.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Blood glucose control is critical preoperatively in diabetes to prevent complications like wound infections or ketoacidosis. Electrolytes, CBC, and urinalysis are important but secondary, as glucose directly impacts surgical outcomes.
Which of the following injuries, if demonstrated by a client entering the Emergency Department, is the highest priority?
- A. open leg fracture
- B. open head injury
- C. stab wound to the chest
- D. traumatic amputation of a thumb
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A stab wound to the chest is the highest priority due to potential for pneumothorax or mediastinal shift, which can be life-threatening. The ABC (airway, breathing, circulation) principle prioritizes this injury. Physiological Adaptation
A client states, 'I eat a well-balanced diet. I do not smoke. I exercise regularly, and I have a yearly checkup with my physician. What else can I do to help prevent cancer?' The nurse should respond with which of the following statements?
- A. Sleep at least 6-8 hours a night.
- B. Practice monthly self-breast examination.
- C. Reduce stress.
- D. All of the above.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: All listed actions—adequate sleep, self-breast exams, and stress reduction—contribute to cancer prevention by supporting immune function, early detection, and overall health. Health Promotion and Management
A postoperative client is to be discharged today. She will need to change her dressing daily. Which statement she makes indicates that she understands the process?
- A. I will wash my hands before and after I change the dressing.'
- B. I can touch the dressings with my hands if I only touch the edges.'
- C. I should clean the area around the incision by moving the swab toward it.'
- D. I can put the old dressings directly in the waste basket.'
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hand washing before and after dressing changes prevents infection, reflecting proper understanding. Touching dressings, cleaning toward the incision, or improper disposal increase infection risk.