Nokea
Which term describes a situation in which there is a demonstrated health need combined with actual or potential resources to apply remedial measures and a commitment to act on the part of the provider or the client?
- A. Health deficit
- B. Health need
- C. Health problem
- D. Foreseeable crisis
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Health problem. A health problem refers to a situation where there is a demonstrated health need, available resources for remedial actions, and a commitment to address the issue. It encompasses the essential components of a health issue, including the recognition of the need for intervention, the presence of resources to address the problem, and a willingness to take action.
A: Health deficit does not necessarily imply a commitment to act or the presence of resources.
B: Health need alone does not address the availability of resources or the commitment to take action.
D: Foreseeable crisis does not capture the notion of a demonstrated health need or the commitment to address the issue.
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A patient in Mindanao was diagnosed with Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever. The therapeutic regimen for the patient includes the following EXCEPT:
- A. Rapid replacement of plasma loss
- B. Aspirin for high fever
- C. Rapid fluid and electrolyte replacement
- D. Oxygen therapy
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale:
1. Aspirin is contraindicated in Dengue Fever due to the risk of bleeding.
2. Rapid plasma loss replacement is crucial to prevent shock in DHF.
3. Rapid fluid and electrolyte replacement is vital to maintain hydration.
4. Oxygen therapy can help support respiratory function in severe cases.
5. Therefore, aspirin for high fever is incorrect due to the bleeding risk.
The World Health Organization defines health as:
- A. The health of individuals and communities is, to a large extent, affected by a combination of many factors.
- B. A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.
- C. Refers to the well-being of individuals, families, and communities being influenced by several factors in the ecosystem.
- D. The science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life, promoting health, and efficiency through organized community effort for the sanitation of the environment, control of communicable diseases, education of individuals in personal hygiene, and organizing these benefits to enable every citizen to realize their birthright of health and longevity.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Step 1: The definition of health according to the World Health Organization (WHO) includes physical, mental, and social well-being.
Step 2: It emphasizes that health is not just the absence of disease but a holistic state of well-being.
Step 3: This definition aligns with the modern understanding of health as a multi-dimensional concept.
Step 4: Option B directly mirrors the WHO definition, making it the correct answer.
Summary: Option A is too vague and lacks the specific components mentioned by WHO. Option C focuses on the ecosystem, not the individual's well-being. Option D describes public health efforts, not the definition of health itself.
Directly Observed Treatment Short Course (D.O.T.S.) can do all of the following except:
- A. Stop resistance to anti-TB drugs
- B. Cure TB patients
- C. Require hospitalization
- D. Prevent new infection among children and adults
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Require hospitalization. D.O.T.S. is an outpatient treatment strategy for tuberculosis. Hospitalization is not a requirement for D.O.T.S. as patients receive medication under direct observation in a community setting. This approach helps to ensure medication adherence, stops resistance to anti-TB drugs, cures TB patients, and prevents new infections among children and adults. In summary, D.O.T.S. does not involve hospitalization and is an effective outpatient strategy for TB treatment.
Which of the following is not considered one of the four cornerstones or pillars in primary health care?
- A. Active community participation
- B. Support mechanisms made available
- C. Use of appropriate technology
- D. Inter-sectoral linkages only
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Rationale: The correct answer is D because inter-sectoral linkages are not the only cornerstone of primary health care. The four cornerstones are active community participation, support mechanisms, appropriate technology, and inter-sectoral collaboration. Inter-sectoral linkages refer to collaboration between different sectors, but it is not the sole pillar. Active community participation involves engaging communities in decision-making, support mechanisms ensure access to essential health services, and appropriate technology focuses on the use of suitable tools for healthcare delivery. Therefore, D is the correct answer as it does not encompass the comprehensive scope of primary health care principles.
Which of the following statements about TB treatment is INCORRECT?
- A. Combination of 3-4 anti-TB drugs is the treatment of choice
- B. Single drug therapy is appropriate
- C. Treatment renders patients non-infectious and cured
- D. Tuberculosis is a curable disease
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because single drug therapy is not appropriate for TB treatment. TB is caused by bacteria that can develop resistance if not treated with a combination of drugs. A: Correct - Combination therapy is essential to prevent drug resistance. C: Correct - Proper treatment leads to cure and non-infectiousness. D: Correct - TB is curable with proper treatment. B: Incorrect - Single drug therapy can lead to drug resistance and treatment failure.