Cardiovascular System Practice Exam

Cardiovascular System Practice Exam Related

Review Cardiovascular System Practice Exam related questions and content

Which term refers to a condition where the blood supply to part of the heart muscle is blocked, often referred to as a heart attack?

  • A. Myocardial infarction
  • B. Arrhythmia
  • C. Stroke
  • D. Aneurysm
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Myocardial infarction. Myocardial infarction refers to the condition where the blood supply to part of the heart muscle is blocked, leading to tissue damage or cell death. This is commonly known as a heart attack. It is crucial to understand that arrhythmia (B), stroke (C), and aneurysm (D) are different medical conditions that do not specifically involve the blockage of blood flow to the heart muscle. Arrhythmia is an irregular heartbeat, stroke is the interruption of blood supply to the brain, and an aneurysm is a bulge in a blood vessel. Therefore, the correct term for a condition involving a blocked blood supply to the heart muscle is myocardial infarction.

You may also like to solve these questions

What is the condition where the body's immune system attacks its tissues, causing inflammation and damage?

  • A. Autoimmune disease
  • B. Infectious disease
  • C. Allergic reaction
  • D. Degenerative disease
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Autoimmune disease. In autoimmune diseases, the immune system mistakenly attacks the body's tissues, leading to inflammation and damage. This occurs due to a breakdown in immune tolerance, resulting in the immune system targeting self-antigens. This leads to chronic inflammation and tissue damage. In contrast, infectious diseases are caused by pathogens, allergic reactions are responses to harmless substances, and degenerative diseases involve the gradual deterioration of tissues over time. Therefore, autoimmune disease best fits the description provided in the question.

Receiving a report that Mr. K.'s prothrombin time (PT) is 4-4.5 times normal, your nursing action would be to

  • A. call Mr. K.'s physician to report the PT
  • B. stop the heparin infusion
  • C. increase the heparin infusion by 10 mg/hr
  • D. nothing, as the value is therapeutic
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: An elevated PT indicates potential bleeding risk, necessitating immediate medical review.

The nurse is giving a client an IV bolus of heparin. What is the most important nursing action?

  • A. Monitor the client's heart rate.
  • B. Check the client's blood pressure.
  • C. Check for signs of bleeding.
  • D. Monitor the client's respiratory rate.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Monitor the client's heart rate. When administering an IV bolus of heparin, it is crucial to monitor the client's heart rate because heparin can cause serious side effects such as bleeding and heparin-induced thrombocytopenia, which can lead to changes in heart rate. Checking blood pressure (B) is also important but not as critical as monitoring heart rate. Checking for signs of bleeding (C) is necessary but should be done after monitoring the heart rate. Monitoring the client's respiratory rate (D) is not directly related to heparin administration.

Which term refers to the contraction phase of the heart when blood is ejected from the chambers?

  • A. Systole
  • B. Diastole
  • C. Contractility
  • D. Afterload
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Systole. During systole, the heart muscle contracts to pump blood out of the chambers. This phase is essential for delivering oxygenated blood to the body. Diastole (B) is the relaxation phase when the heart fills with blood. Contractility (C) refers to the heart's ability to contract, not a specific phase. Afterload (D) is the pressure the heart must pump against to eject blood, not a phase of the cardiac cycle. Therefore, the term that specifically refers to the contraction phase of the heart is systole.

The nurse is encouraging a sedentary patient with major risks for CAD to perform physical exercise on a regular basis. In addition to decreasing the risk factor of physical inactivity, the nurse tells the patient that exercise will also directly contribute to reducing which risk factors?

  • A. Hyperlipidemia and obesity
  • B. Diabetes mellitus and hypertension
  • C. Elevated serum lipids and stressful lifestyle
  • D. Hypertension and elevated serum homocysteine
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Exercise improves lipid profiles and reduces obesity.

Copyright © 2025 Nokea. All rights reserved.