Nokea
Which type of digestion breaks down pieces of food into small molecules?
- A. chemical digestion
- B. peristalsis digestion
- C. mechanical digestion
- D. absorption digestion
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Chemical digestion uses enzymes to break food into small molecules.
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The pH in the mouth decreases after eating. Which statement explains the decrease in pH?
- A. Bacteria release acids when respiring food substances.
- B. Enzymes in saliva release acids during digestion.
- C. Food substances become alkaline when chewed.
- D. Salivary glands release an alkaline solution.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Bacterial metabolism of food releases acids, lowering the pH in the mouth.
Salivary amylase and pancreatic amylase are enzymes responsible for the chemical breakdown of
- A. starch
- B. maltose
- C. glucose
- D. lactose
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Amylase enzymes break down starch into simpler sugars such as maltose during digestion.
Amylase enzyme acts on starch and convert it into-
- A. Maltose
- B. Glucose
- C. Fructose
- D. Galactose
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Amylase breaks down starch into maltose, a disaccharide.
Which structure is the uppermost part of the alimentary canal or gastrointestinal (GI) tract?
- A. Esophagus
- B. Liver
- C. Cecum
- D. Sigmoid
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The alimentary canal begins at the mouth, followed by the esophagus, making the esophagus the uppermost structure listed.
What is the structural composition of the liver?
- A. Composed of lobules with hepatocytes radiating from a central vein
- B. Composed of flat epithelial sheets
- C. Composed of acini surrounding ducts
- D. Composed of fibrous tissue only
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The liver consists of lobules, functional units where hepatocytes radiate from a central vein, facilitating its metabolic roles.