Nokea
Which type of HMO contracts with two or more IPAs (Independent Practice Associations)?
- A. Staff model
- B. Point of service model
- C. Network model
- D. Group model
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Network model. In this model, the HMO contracts with multiple IPAs, allowing members to choose from a wider network of physicians. This promotes flexibility and choice. The other choices are incorrect because:
A: Staff model involves directly employing physicians, not contracting with IPAs.
B: Point of service model allows members to go outside the network for care, not necessarily contracting with IPAs.
D: Group model involves physicians working in a group practice, not IPAs.
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A 26-year-old female with type 1 diabetes develops a sore throat and runny nose after caring for her sick toddler. The patient calls the clinic for advice about her symptoms and a blood glucose level of 210 mg/dL despite taking her usual glargine (Lantus) and lispro (Humalog) insulin. The nurse advises the patient to
- A. use only the lispro insulin until the symptoms are resolved
- B. limit calorie intake until the glucose is less than 120 mg/dL
- C. monitor blood glucose every 4 hours and notify the clinic if it continues to rise
- D. decrease carbohydrate intake until glycosylated hemoglobin is less than 7%
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: monitor blood glucose every 4 hours and notify the clinic if it continues to rise. In this scenario, the patient is experiencing an illness (sore throat and runny nose) which can lead to elevated blood glucose levels due to increased stress hormones. It is essential to closely monitor blood glucose levels to prevent hyperglycemia-related complications. The nurse's advice aligns with the goal of closely monitoring the patient's condition and seeking medical attention if blood glucose levels continue to rise.
Choice A is incorrect because using only lispro insulin may not be sufficient to manage the elevated blood glucose levels caused by illness. Choice B is incorrect as limiting calorie intake may not be the appropriate action to take in this situation. Choice D is incorrect because decreasing carbohydrate intake based on glycosylated hemoglobin levels is not an immediate solution to address the current elevated blood glucose levels due to illness.
Which of the following scenarios would be an example of shared governance on a nursing unit?
- A. Staff nurses delegate activities to CNAs.
- B. Procedure manuals are written by a committee of nurse managers.
- C. Staff nurses and CNAs make their own schedules.
- D. A unit manager seeks advice from her supervisor.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because shared governance involves staff nurses and CNAs collaborating in decision-making processes, such as creating schedules. This promotes autonomy, teamwork, and mutual respect. Option A involves delegation, not shared decision-making. Option B shows centralized authority by nurse managers. Option D indicates hierarchical decision-making, not shared governance. In summary, choice C aligns with the principles of shared governance, while the other options do not involve the active involvement of both staff nurses and CNAs in decision-making.
An environment that rewards good __________ is the goal in a work environment.
- A. Performance
- B. Turnover
- C. Strategies
- D. Stress
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Performance. In a work environment, rewarding good performance encourages employees to excel and achieve organizational goals. Performance-based rewards motivate employees to work efficiently and effectively. Turnover (B) refers to the rate at which employees leave a company, which is not an ideal goal for a work environment. Strategies (C) are plans or approaches used to achieve objectives, but they are not the direct target of rewards. Stress (D) is a negative factor that should be minimized in a work environment, not rewarded.
Which of the following statements is true regarding nursing ethics?
- A. Nursing ethics focus on the organizational level at the workplace.
- B. Nursing ethics focus on the duties and rules of behavior for professional nurses.
- C. Nursing ethics focus on the moral character of nurses.
- D. Nursing ethics focus on the experiences and needs of nurses.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because nursing ethics primarily concern the ethical principles, duties, and rules of behavior that guide professional nurses in their practice. This includes aspects such as patient confidentiality, informed consent, and beneficence.
A is incorrect because nursing ethics are not limited to the organizational level but extend to individual actions within the profession.
C is incorrect as while moral character is important, nursing ethics are more about professional responsibilities and conduct.
D is incorrect because while the experiences and needs of nurses are important, nursing ethics are primarily about how nurses interact with patients, families, and colleagues.
What is the primary goal of evidence-based practice (EBP)?
- A. Reduce healthcare costs
- B. Improve patient outcomes
- C. Enhance clinical decision making
- D. Ensure patient safety
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The primary goal of evidence-based practice (EBP) is to enhance clinical decision-making. Evidence-based practice involves integrating the best available research evidence with clinical expertise and patient values to make informed decisions about patient care. By using evidence-based practice, healthcare providers can ensure that their decisions are based on the most current and relevant evidence, leading to improved patient outcomes. While reducing healthcare costs, improving patient outcomes, and ensuring patient safety are important aspects of healthcare, they are not the primary goal of evidence-based practice.