Nokea
Which type of pathogen causes malaria?
- A. Helminths
- B. Herpes simplex
- C. Protozoans
- D. Candida albicans
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Malaria is caused by Plasmodium, a protozoan parasite transmitted by Anopheles mosquitoes.
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You are caring for a patient with the Ebola virus. The nurse understands that which of the following are symptoms of the Ebola virus?
- A. Diarrhea
- B. Vomiting
- C. Headache
- D. Fatigue
- E. Joint pain
- F. Muscle weakness
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D
Rationale: Ebola virus causes symptoms including diarrhea, vomiting, headache, and fatigue. Joint pain and muscle weakness are less commonly associated.
Streptococcus type A can cause which of the following illnesses?
- A. Strep throat
- B. Ear infection
- C. Scarlet fever
- D. Gas gangrene
- E. Severe diarrhea
- F. Bloody diarrhea
- G. Heart valve damage
Correct Answer: A,C,G
Rationale: Streptococcus pyogenes (Group A Streptococcus) causes strep throat, scarlet fever, and can lead to complications like rheumatic fever, which damages heart valves. Ear infections, gas gangrene, and diarrhea are caused by other pathogens.
Rocky Mountain spotted fever is caused by
- A. Herpes varicella zoster.
- B. Rickettsia rickettsii.
- C. Escherichia coli.
- D. Staphylococcus aureus.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rocky Mountain spotted fever is caused by Rickettsia rickettsii, a bacterium transmitted by ticks.
How can you ensure that you are washing your hands for the correct amount of time?
- A. Count to 20 in your head, saying 'one thousand' between each number.
- B. Watch the clock or your watch the entire time you wash your hands.
- C. Tap your foot 20 times while you wash your hands.
- D. Sing 'Happy Birthday' twice in your head while you wash your hands.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Singing 'Happy Birthday' twice takes approximately 20 seconds, the recommended duration for effective hand washing.
Match the following pathogens with their descriptions: Bacteria
- A. One-celled microorganisms classified by their shapes
- B. May be made up of one or more cells; enter the human body through cuts or cracks in the skin
- C. Rod-shaped bacteria that appear in chains
- D. Type of bacteria often spread through vectors
- E. Tiny parasites that live within cells of hosts and reproduce there
- F. Parasitic worms that can inhabit the digestive tract of humans
- G. Single-celled animals that live in water and cause intestinal illnesses when ingested
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Bacteria are single-celled microorganisms classified by shapes like cocci, bacilli, and spirilla.