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Which type of therapy assists the clients to alter their irrational thinking?
- A. Psychopharmacology
- B. Desensitization
- C. Behavioral Therapy
- D. Cognitive Therapy
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Cognitive therapy is a type of psychotherapy in which the therapist helps clients alter their irrational thinking, correct their faulty belief systems, and replace negative self-statements with positive ones. Desensitization involves providing emotional support while gradually exposing a person to whatever it is that provokes anxiety. Behavioral therapy attempts to extinguish undesirable responses by learning other adaptive techniques. Psychopharmacology is the use of medications to treat various disorders.
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A client who caused a house fire by leaving a pot on the stove often returns home to recheck the burners. The nurse understands this action is performed for which main purpose?
- A. To eliminate guilty feelings
- B. To alleviate anxiety
- C. To compensate for forgetfulness
- D. To avoid a tragedy
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: This is a symptom of OCD, and the tension-relieving act is performed to reduce anxiety. Guilt feelings are more associated with PTSD or for surviving an event when others died. Although turning off burners may help to avoid another tragedy, the repetition is done to help terminate the persistent thoughts and decrease the anxiety. Repetition is not indicated for forgetfulness.
The nurse is caring for a client with an anxiety disorder who is prescribed an antianxiety drug. Which response by the client indicates a need for more teaching regarding the use of this group of medications?
- A. I can now make decisions.
- B. The stress is more manageable.
- C. The cause of my stress is gone.
- D. My chest tightness is gone.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The use of drug therapy in the management of anxiety disorders is intended to eliminate or decrease the symptoms of anxiety. The stress becomes more manageable and allows the client to better deal with issues of daily living. Drug therapy does not eliminate the causative factors.
Which level of anxiety is constructive and prepares a person to take action in appropriate situations?
- A. Moderate
- B. Severe
- C. Mild
- D. Panic
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Mild anxiety is constructive and prepares a person to take action in appropriate situations. In moderate anxiety, the person is more easily distracted. The attention span decreases in severe anxiety. In panic anxiety, the person exaggerates details.
Avoiding places or situations in which panic attacks occur is how the client with agoraphobia manages fears. Which is a common symptom of agoraphobia?
- A. Surrounding self with family and friends
- B. Avoiding strangers
- C. Avoiding feelings of anxiety
- D. Feeling safer at home
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: People with agoraphobia confine themselves to home where they feel safe. The greatest fear for a person with this disorder is having a panic attack and losing control in public. Peopleâ??family, friends, or strangersâ??are less of an issue than being able to control the location (home). Anxiety disorders such as agoraphobia do not have a logical explanation and cannot be controlled through avoiding feelings of anxiety.
One week ago, the client was prescribed Buspirone (Buspar) for anxiety. The client phones the office and reports the medication has not eliminated the symptoms. Which is the best response by the nurse?
- A. It may take up to 4 weeks for full therapeutic response.
- B. There are many other medications that can be offered.
- C. Buspar will not eliminate all symptoms associated with anxiety.
- D. Call back in one week if the symptoms continue.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Buspirone (Buspar) may take 2 to 4 weeks to produce desired effects. Clients should be provided this information at the time of initial administration. Changing to another medication would not be indicated at this time. Suggesting that the symptoms may not be eliminated is not indicated and should be avoided. Listening to and validating the client's concerns is a therapeutic measure.