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Which will the nurse reinforce in the patient teaching of a patient who had a gastrectomy to treat a severely bleeding peptic ulcer?
- A. Introducing irritating foods in minute amounts to desensitize the stomach
- B. Restricting fluid to 1000 mL per day
- C. Eating 6 small meals a day
- D. Drinking alcohol and caffeine in moderation
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The patient who had a gastrectomy to treat a bleeding peptic ulcer should eat small meals daily. Restriction of fluid is not necessary and irritating foods, alcohol, and caffeine should be discouraged.
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During the annual physical examination, the nurse will assess for which risk factor for the development of diverticulosis?
- A. Chronic diarrhea
- B. Excessive fiber intake
- C. Increased intake of refined carbohydrates
- D. Aging related increased elasticity of the colon
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Refined carbohydrates, when eaten in large amounts, have been associated with the development of diverticulosis.
The home health nurse caring for a patient who has dysarthria related to radiation therapy for an oral cancer would recommend that the family provide which device?
- A. a tablet and pencil as a communication aid.
- B. a TV for diversion.
- C. a bell to summon help.
- D. a walkie-talkie.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The provision of an alternative method of communicating will lessen the frustration of the patient who has trouble speaking understandably. The call bell would be helpful also, but without a way to communicate, the bell is not as essential as a method of communication.
The nurse takes into consideration that long-term use of antibiotics can cause an antibiotic-associated pseudomembranous colitis from the organism
- A. Clostridium difficile
Correct Answer: Clostridium difficile
Rationale: C. difficile causes a type of colitis from long-term antibiotic use to which older adults are extremely susceptible.
How will the nurse counsel the 34-year-old woman who has been prescribed sulfasalazine for Crohn disease?
- A. Expose her to sunlight at least 30 minutes a day for vitamin D synthesis.
- B. Tell her to drink at least 1500 mL of fluid a day.
- C. Advise assessing self for rash.
- D. Use alternate birth control methods to oral contraception.
- E. Take drug on an empty stomach.
Correct Answer: B,C,D
Rationale: Cautionary information about sulfasalazine include having adequate fluid intake to prevent crystallization in the kidneys, avoiding exposure to the sun, and using alternate birth control methods as oral contraception is made unreliable by this drug. The drug should be taken with meals and the patient should be assessing for rash.
The nurse takes into consideration that a proton pump inhibitor drug, such as which drug, will completely eradicate gastric acid production?
- A. omeprazole
- B. misoprostol
- C. sucralfate
- D. olsalazine
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor that interferes with the production of gastric acid.