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While creating a methadone protocol for a patient rehabilitating from heroin addiction, the nurse explains that the patient will take methadone for what length of time?
- A. Daily for the rest of his life.
- B. Daily until stabilized, then gradually reduce the dose to zero.
- C. Weekly for at least 6 months, then decrease the dose to once a month.
- D. Monthly for 6 to 10 months, then decrease the dose to zero.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Methadone is given daily until the patient is stabilized. The methadone is reduced gradually until the patient does not need to take any.
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The nurse assesses an alcoholic patient carefully for signs of withdrawal. How soon after cessation of alcohol intake do withdrawal symptoms usually appear?
- A. 3 hours
- B. 4 hours
- C. 5 hours
- D. 6 hours
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Withdrawal signs can occur as early as 6 hours after cessation of alcohol intake and sometimes last for 3 to 5 days.
The nurse explains that Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) consists of abstinent alcoholics who help other alcoholics become and stay sober. What is the foundation of AA?
- A. Psychotherapy
- B. A 12-step program
- C. Treatment center
- D. Individual counseling
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The foundation of AA is a 12-step program.
A 22-year-old patient presents in the emergency department with the characteristics of severe Parkinson disease. The nurse should suspect an overdose of what drug?
- A. Marijuana
- B. Cocaine
- C. Amphetamines
- D. Valium
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Over time, dopamine depletion in the brain can cause Parkinson-like symptoms to occur in people who abuse amphetamines.
A 60-year-old man was admitted for cholecystitis that resulted in a cholecystectomy. On his third day of hospitalization, he begins to sweat profusely, tremble, and has a blood pressure of 160/100. Based on these findings, what focused assessment should the nurse complete?
- A. Cardiac problems
- B. Respiratory problems
- C. Withdrawal problems
- D. Circulatory problems
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Diaphoresis, tremors, and hypertension are all symptoms of withdrawal from alcohol consumption. The nurse, concerned about the patient's medical condition, may not consider substance abuse until withdrawal symptoms appear.
When a patient denies any problems related to addiction, what is the nurse's most therapeutic response?
- A. What do you call this hospitalization?
- B. How can anybody help you if you don't see a problem?
- C. Would your family agree that you have no problems?
- D. Can you think of any time your behavior created an unpleasant situation in your life?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: When the patient denies that his behavior is problematic, the nurse should ask the patient to recount incidences when the behavior had unpleasant consequences.