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While preparing the surgical site, the nurse notices that the skin preparation solution has expired. What should the nurse do?
- A. Use the expired solution as it is still effective
- B. Document the expiration date in the patient's chart
- C. Discard the expired solution and obtain a new one
- D. Dilute the solution with sterile water to extend its shelf life
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Using an expired skin preparation solution can compromise the safety and effectiveness of the surgical site cleansing. Expired solutions may have reduced efficacy or could cause adverse reactions due to chemical breakdown over time. Therefore, it is essential for the nurse to discard the expired solution and obtain a new one to ensure proper sanitation and reduce the risk of complications during the surgical procedure. It is important to adhere to proper protocols and guidelines in healthcare settings to maintain patient safety and optimal outcomes.
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A patient presents with a painless, gradually enlarging mass in the left neck, anterior to the sternocleidomastoid muscle. Fine-needle aspiration cytology reveals thyroid follicular cells. Which of the following conditions is most likely responsible for this presentation?
- A. Thyroglossal duct cyst
- B. Lymphadenopathy
- C. Thyroid adenoma
- D. Thyroid carcinoma
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The presentation described is most consistent with a thyroid adenoma. Thyroid adenomas are benign neoplasms of the thyroid gland and can present as painless, gradually enlarging masses in the neck. Fine-needle aspiration cytology revealing thyroid follicular cells further supports the diagnosis of a thyroid adenoma. Thyroglossal duct cysts typically present as midline neck masses that move with swallowing, while lymphadenopathy presents as enlarged lymph nodes and may be associated with infection or malignancy. Thyroid carcinoma may also present as a neck mass but is more likely to be associated with other features such as vocal cord paralysis, hoarseness, or enlarged cervical lymph nodes.
Nurse Mauve should plan to initiate which action to provide a safe environment?
- A. Take the patient's vital signs every 4 hours.
- B. Encourage visits from family and friends for psychosocial support.
- C. Maintain fluid and sodium restrictions.
- D. Take off the room lights and draw the window shades.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Taking off the room lights and drawing the window shades would provide a calm and soothing environment for the five-year-old patient admitted due to pneumonia with symptoms of cough, respiratory distress, anxiety, and dehydration. By creating a dim and quiet atmosphere, it can help reduce the child's anxiety levels, promote rest and relaxation, and potentially aid in the management of distress caused by pneumonia. Providing a quiet and dark environment can also support the child's comfort and recovery process during the hospital stay.
With diagnosis of hemorrhagic stroke, the nurse teaches the caregiver that with position of the bed should be in what position?
- A. High-Fowler's
- B. Prone
- C. Fowler
- D. Flat
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: For a patient diagnosed with a hemorrhagic stroke, the caregiver should ensure that the bed is positioned in a High-Fowler's position. This position involves elevating the head of the bed between 60 to 90 degrees. Elevating the head of the bed helps to reduce intracranial pressure and promote optimal cerebral perfusion. It also assists in maintaining proper ventilation and oxygenation, which are essential for the patient's recovery. It is important to avoid positioning the patient flat or in a prone position as these may exacerbate the condition and lead to further complications.
Which of the following is NOT a step of record keeping?
- A. Structuring
- B. Securing
- C. Storing
- D. Easy Disposa l
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Record keeping involves several key steps such as structuring, securing, and storing information. However, easy disposal is not a step in record keeping. In fact, it is important to carefully consider the disposal of records in a secure and responsible manner to protect sensitive information and comply with relevant regulations. Proper disposal methods should be followed to ensure that records are not accessible to unauthorized individuals and that any sensitive information is properly destroyed to prevent misuse or breaches of privacy. Therefore, easy disposal is not a recommended practice in effective record keeping.
The professional conduct. of doctors, nurses and other health care providers in the health facilities belong to which of the following quality standards?
- A. Improving performance
- B. Patient care standards
- C. Organizationa l ethics
- D. Leadership and management
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The professional conduct of doctors, nurses, and other healthcare providers in health facilities primarily aligns with patient care standards. This quality standard ensures that healthcare professionals prioritize the well-being, safety, and comfort of the patients they serve. Patient care standards encompass various aspects of healthcare delivery, including effective communication, compassionate treatment, adherence to medical protocols, and respect for patient rights and confidentiality. By upholding patient care standards, healthcare providers demonstrate their commitment to delivering quality care and maintaining the trust and confidence of their patients.