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While supervising the care of several clients, which action requires intervention by the charge nurse?
- A. A nurse photocopies a client's diagnostic test results.
- B. An assistive personnel documents the client's vital signs on the client's paper-based graphic record.
- C. The unit secretary faxes a client's laboratory results to the provider.
- D. An RN stays with a client to discuss her understanding of her vital signs that were requested.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because photocopying a client's diagnostic test results without proper authorization violates the client's privacy and confidentiality. It is a breach of HIPAA regulations.
- Choice B is correct as assistive personnel can document vital signs on the client's record under supervision.
- Choice C is acceptable as long as the unit secretary is authorized to fax the client's results.
- Choice D is appropriate as it involves educating the client about her vital signs, promoting client understanding and autonomy.
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A healthcare professional is reviewing a client's clinical pathway upon discharge following hip arthroplasty. Which of the following information can assist in evaluating the cost-effectiveness of the care?
- A. the age of the client
- B. the availability of community support groups
- C. the length of the client's stay
- D. the type of insurance the client carries
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: the length of the client's stay. Evaluating the cost-effectiveness of care involves considering the resources utilized, and the length of stay directly impacts costs. A shorter stay typically means lower costs without compromising quality. Age (A) does not directly impact cost-effectiveness. Community support groups (B) may contribute to the client's overall well-being but do not directly relate to cost-effectiveness. The type of insurance (D) may affect reimbursement but does not provide direct information on cost-effectiveness. Therefore, the length of the client's stay is the most relevant factor to assess cost-effectiveness.
Which intervention demonstrates Florence Nightingale's theory of nursing?
- A. Respecting the patient's culture and incorporating cultural needs
- B. Promoting good health and treating those who are ill in a holistic manner
- C. Understanding how to motivate people to practice a healthy lifestyle and reduce risks
- D. Teaching other nurses how to deliver the highest quality of care
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because promoting good health and treating those who are ill in a holistic manner aligns with Florence Nightingale's theory of nursing. Nightingale emphasized the importance of considering the physical, emotional, and social aspects of patients' well-being. This approach focuses on addressing the whole person rather than just the illness.
Respecting the patient's culture and incorporating cultural needs (A) is important in providing patient-centered care, but it does not directly align with Nightingale's theory. Understanding how to motivate people to practice a healthy lifestyle and reduce risks (C) is relevant to health promotion but does not fully capture the holistic approach of Nightingale. Teaching other nurses how to deliver the highest quality of care (D) is essential for professional development but does not specifically reflect Nightingale's holistic nursing philosophy.
Nurses on a unit provide personal hygiene, administer medications, educate patients, and provide emotional support. The nurses are providing patient care based on which nursing delivery system?
- A. total patient care
- B. team nursing
- C. functional nursing
- D. partnership nursing
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: total patient care. In this nursing delivery system, nurses are responsible for providing comprehensive care to assigned patients, including personal hygiene, medication administration, education, and emotional support. They have full autonomy and accountability for the patient's care throughout their stay. This system ensures continuity, individualized care, and a strong nurse-patient relationship.
Summary of other choices:
B: Team nursing involves a team of healthcare professionals working collaboratively to provide care. It does not assign individual nurses to specific patients for comprehensive care.
C: Functional nursing divides tasks among different nursing staff based on their expertise. It focuses on efficiency but lacks continuity and individualized care for each patient.
D: Partnership nursing involves collaboration between nurses and patients in decision-making and care planning. It emphasizes shared responsibility but does not assign individual nurses to provide total care to specific patients.
For what purpose does the nursing student predominantly use knowledge about the history of nursing?
- A. To understand the professional choices open to the student
- B. To prevent medication errors in practice
- C. To determine the optimal geographical area for practice
- D. To reduce the cost of delivering quality health care
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: To understand the professional choices open to the student. Understanding the history of nursing helps students learn about the evolution of the profession, key figures, and important milestones. This knowledge provides insight into various career paths, specialties, and opportunities within nursing. It also helps students appreciate the values, ethics, and core principles that shape modern nursing practice. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because the history of nursing is not primarily used for preventing medication errors, determining geographical areas for practice, or reducing healthcare costs.
How does the high degree of professionalism among nurses impact their willingness to engage in organized strikes?
- A. Nurses often find union activities such as strikes in conflict with the need to serve and protect clients and their profession
- B. Nurses use evidence-based studies that reflect both management and labor views to support participation in unionization
- C. Nurses who strike can be legally punished for abandonment and negligence considered to be professional misconduct
- D. Nurses most often turn to collective bargaining strategies such as strikes to emphasize client's safety initiatives
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Nurses prioritize patient care and professionalism, making them hesitant to engage in strikes that may disrupt patient care. This is because strikes can be perceived as conflicting with their duty to serve and protect clients.
Choice B is incorrect because nurses may not base their decision to strike solely on evidence-based studies; their decision is more likely influenced by ethical considerations and personal values.
Choice C is incorrect as nurses engaging in strikes are usually protected by labor laws and regulations, which allow them to participate in organized strikes without facing legal punishment for professional misconduct.
Choice D is incorrect because while nurses do prioritize patient safety, they do not primarily resort to strikes as a means to emphasize safety initiatives; instead, they typically focus on other strategies such as advocacy and communication to address safety concerns.