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Why can animal cells use a contractile ring but plant cells cannot?
- A. Plant cells can use both methods to divide.
- B. Animal cells divide faster, requiring them to pinch apart.
- C. Plant cells are too rigid to utilize a contractile ring.
- D. Plant cells have a cell wall that hinders the formation of a contractile ring.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Plant cells have a rigid cell wall surrounding their cell membrane, which prevents the formation of a contractile ring during cell division. The contractile ring is a structure composed of actin filaments responsible for pinching the cell in two during cytokinesis. Since plant cells cannot form a contractile ring due to the presence of the cell wall, they rely on other methods such as cell plate formation to complete cell division.
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Which set is correctly listed for characteristic chromosome number, and most of their cells have a complete set of these chromosomes?
- A. Genus, order, species, phylum
- B. Order, phylum, species, genus
- C. Species, order, phylum, genus
- D. Phylum, order, genus, species
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct order from largest to smallest is Phylum, Order, Genus, Species. In biological classification, the hierarchy of taxonomic ranks is structured such that phylum is the broadest category, followed by order, genus, and species, which is the most specific. When looking at the characteristic chromosome number, most cells have a complete set of chromosomes, and this order aligns with the genetic similarity and differences observed in organisms.
Where can epithelial tissue be found?
- A. Organ linings
- B. Heart muscle
- C. Tendons
- D. Spinal cord
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Epithelial tissue is a type of tissue that covers the surfaces of the body, inside and out. It forms the lining of various organs such as the skin, respiratory tract, gastrointestinal tract, and more. Therefore, epithelial tissue can be found in organ linings, making choice A the correct answer.
Which of the following molecules are considered the most important in biology?
- A. Carbohydrates, lipids, protein, and nucleic acids
- B. Carbohydrates, lipids, protein, and calcium
- C. Carbohydrates, lipids, protein, and sulfur
- D. Carbohydrates, lipids, protein, and iron
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids are the four main types of molecules that are fundamental to biological systems. Carbohydrates provide energy, lipids are essential for cell structure and signaling, proteins carry out diverse functions in cells, and nucleic acids store and transfer genetic information. These molecules are considered the most important in biology due to their critical roles in various biological processes.
Which organelle is responsible for organizing protein synthesis?
- A. mitochondria
- B. nucleus
- C. ribosome
- D. vacuole
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The organelle responsible for organizing protein synthesis is the ribosome. Ribosomes are the cellular structures where proteins are synthesized or produced. They can be found free-floating in the cytoplasm or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum. Mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell, responsible for generating energy through cellular respiration. The nucleus is the control center of the cell, housing the genetic material and controlling cell activities. Vacuoles are responsible for storing various substances within the cell and maintaining turgor pressure.
What part of a plant cell acts as a barrier and provides support to the cell?
- A. cell membrane.
- B. Xylem.
- C. chloroplast
- D. Cell wall.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: