Nokea
Which is an example of the correct organizational hierarchy for a wolf?
- A. Muscle tissue, blood cell, DNA, organ, circulatory system, wolf
- B. DNA, blood cell, muscle tissue, heart, circulatory system, wolf
- C. Circulatory system, DNA, muscle tissue, blood cell, heart, wolf
- D. Blood cell, organ, circulatory system, muscle tissue, DNA, wolf
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct organizational hierarchy in biology follows a specific order from smallest to largest. It starts with DNA (genetic material), followed by blood cells (basic units of life), then muscle tissue (a collection of cells), followed by the heart (an organ), then the circulatory system (a system of organs), and finally the whole organism, the wolf. Therefore, the correct sequence for the organizational hierarchy for a wolf is DNA, blood cell, muscle tissue, heart, circulatory system, and wolf.
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What is the first step in the process of respiration?
- A. Fermentation
- B. Krebs cycle
- C. Electron transport chain
- D. Glycolysis
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is Glycolysis. Glycolysis is the initial step in cellular respiration where glucose is broken down into pyruvate, producing a small amount of ATP and NADH in the cytoplasm. This step is crucial as it initiates the breakdown of glucose, setting the stage for further energy production in subsequent stages like the Krebs cycle and electron transport chain.
Where is the slide placed on a light microscope?
- A. Stage
- B. Arm
- C. Lens
- D. Base
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In a light microscope, the slide is placed on the stage, which is a flat platform designed to hold the specimen being observed. The stage provides stability for the slide and allows for adjustments to focus the lens on the specimen. The arm, lens, and base have specific functions in the operation of the microscope but are not where the slide is placed.
Which type of technological device mimics the human body's innate ability to maintain homeostasis?
- A. Thermostat.
- B. Cell phone.
- C. Vacuum cleaner.
- D. Electric iron.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Thermostat. A thermostat mimics the human body's ability to maintain homeostasis by regulating temperature to keep it within a narrow range. The human body also maintains internal balance through various physiological mechanisms. The other choices (B: Cell phone, C: Vacuum cleaner, D: Electric iron) do not relate to maintaining homeostasis. Cell phones are communication devices, vacuum cleaners clean surfaces, and electric irons press clothing. Only a thermostat is designed to monitor and adjust temperature to maintain a stable internal environment, similar to the body's homeostatic mechanisms.
A mother is homozygous recessive for freckles (ff) and a father is heterozygous for freckles (FF). Which genotypic ratio for freckles do their children have?
- A. 50% ff, 50% FF.
- B. 25% ff, 75% Ff.
- C. 25% FF, 75% ff.
- D. 50% ff, 50% Ff.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Correct Answer: A (50% ff, 50% FF)
Rationale:
1. The mother is homozygous recessive (ff) and the father is heterozygous (FF).
2. The father can only pass on the dominant allele (F) to all offspring.
3. All offspring will inherit one F allele from the father and one f allele from the mother.
4. The genotypic ratio will be 50% FF (f from father) and 50% ff (f from mother).
Summary:
- Choice B is incorrect because the father cannot pass on the recessive allele.
- Choice C is incorrect as the mother is homozygous recessive.
- Choice D is incorrect because it does not consider the father's genotype.
Which disease is caused by a bacterium?
- A. Mumps
- B. Strep throat
- C. AIDS (HIV+)
- D. Common cold
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Strep throat is caused by the bacterium Streptococcus pyogenes. Unlike mumps, which is a viral infection, AIDS caused by the HIV virus, and the common cold usually caused by rhinoviruses, strep throat is specifically a bacterial infection that can be treated with antibiotics.