Pharmacology and the Nursing Process Test Bank

Pharmacology and the Nursing Process Test Bank Related

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Why does emotional counselling or helping the client perform common daily activities become important nursing care interventions in clients with Parkinson’s or Huntington’s diseases, or even epilepsy?

  • A. Because clients suffer from depression, anxiety, and inability to perform basic self care
  • B. Because clients become paralytic throughout the body
  • C. Because the clients bone become weak, brittle, and painful to even move
  • D. Because clients generally become very aggressive and violent with other people CARING FOR CLIENTS WITH NEUROLOGIC DEFICITS
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because clients with Parkinson's, Huntington's diseases, or epilepsy often experience emotional challenges such as depression and anxiety due to the impact of their conditions on their daily lives. Emotional counseling helps address these issues. Additionally, these clients may struggle with basic self-care activities due to motor and cognitive deficits, making it crucial for nurses to assist them in performing daily tasks.

Choice B is incorrect as clients with these conditions may experience paralysis or motor impairments, but it is not a universal symptom. Choice C is incorrect because the question does not mention bone issues in Parkinson's, Huntington's diseases, or epilepsy. Choice D is incorrect as aggression and violence are not common symptoms in clients with these neurologic deficits.

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A community nurse will perform chest physiotherapy for Mrs. Dy every 3 hours. It is important for the nurse to:

  • A. slap the chest wall gently
  • B. use vibration techniques to move secretions from affected lung areas during the inspiration phase
  • C. perform CPT at least two hours after meals
  • D. plan apical drainage at the beginning of the CPT session
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because performing chest physiotherapy (CPT) at least two hours after meals helps prevent aspiration during the procedure. This timing reduces the risk of vomiting or regurgitation of food during CPT, which could lead to aspiration pneumonia. Slapping the chest wall gently (A) may not effectively clear secretions. Using vibration techniques (B) is not typically recommended for routine CPT. Planning apical drainage at the beginning of the session (D) is not necessary as it is not a standard practice for CPT.

When monitoring for hypernatremia, the nurse should assess the client for:

  • A. Dry skin
  • B. Tachycardia
  • C. Confusion
  • D. Pale coloring
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Confusion. Hypernatremia is an electrolyte imbalance characterized by high sodium levels in the blood. Confusion is a common symptom as high sodium levels can affect brain function. Dry skin (A) is more indicative of dehydration, tachycardia (B) is a symptom of various conditions, and pale coloring (D) is not specific to hypernatremia. Confusion is a key indicator that the nurse should assess for when monitoring for hypernatremia.

Which gauge IV cannula should the nurse choose when preparing to initiate a blood transfusion?

  • A. 18
  • B. 24
  • C. 22
  • D. 28
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct choice is A: 18 gauge IV cannula for blood transfusion. Larger gauge allows for faster flow rate, crucial for transfusions to prevent clotting. 24, 22, and 28 gauge cannulas are too small for adequate blood flow, leading to potential complications like hemolysis or slowed infusion.

Which statement by a nurse indicates a good understanding about the differences between data validation and data interpretation?

  • A. “Data interpretation occurs before data validation.”
  • B. “Validation involves looking for patterns in professional standards.”
  • C. “Validation involves comparing data with other sources for accuracy.”
  • D. “Data interpretation involves discovering patterns in professional standards.”
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because data validation involves comparing data with other sources to ensure accuracy. This process checks for errors, inconsistencies, and completeness in the data. By comparing data with other sources, nurses can verify the reliability and correctness of the information.

Choice A is incorrect because data validation typically occurs after data collection and before data interpretation. Choice B is incorrect because validation is about ensuring data accuracy, not about professional standards. Choice D is incorrect because data interpretation focuses on analyzing and making sense of the data, not on professional standards or validation processes.

20-year old Mr. Ang fell off from his horse, and sustained a lft hip fracture. Buck’s extension traction is applied. The following statements are true about Buck’s extension traction except:

  • A. used as a temporary measure in adults to control muscle spasm and pain
  • B. applied by orthopedic surgeon under aseptic conditions using wires and pins
  • C. The pulling force is transmitted to the musculoskeletal structures
  • D. used definitively to treat fractures in children
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because Buck's extension traction is not used definitively to treat fractures in children due to their growing bones. Instead, it is used temporarily in adults to control muscle spasm and pain.
- A: Correct - Buck's extension traction is indeed used temporarily in adults to control muscle spasm and pain.
- B: Correct - Buck's extension traction is applied by an orthopedic surgeon under aseptic conditions using wires and pins.
- C: Correct - The pulling force in Buck's extension traction is indeed transmitted to the musculoskeletal structures.
Therefore, the incorrect option is D as Buck's extension traction is not used definitively to treat fractures in children.

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