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Why must the pediatric nurse be cautious about medicating infants and young children?
- A. They are less susceptible to medication effects than adults.
- B. They are more susceptible to medication effects than adults.
- C. They are equally susceptible to medication effects as adults.
- D. They are more susceptible to drug interactions than adults.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Newborns and young children are more susceptible to the toxic effects of certain medications than adults.
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What activity by an infant would cause a false elevation of the tympanic temperature?
- A. Having a bowel movement
- B. Crying vigorously
- C. Having just eaten
- D. Having been in a cold room
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Crying increases the temperature; eating and bowel movements do not. A cold room would lower the temperature.
What is the special category that encompasses children who have congenital abnormalities, malignancies, gastrointestinal (GI) diseases, or central nervous system (CNS) anomalies?
- A. Very dependent children
- B. Children requiring special education
- C. Children with special needs
- D. Children requiring long-term care
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The definition of children with special needs includes congenital abnormalities, malignancies, GI diseases, and CNS anomalies.
When the pediatric nurse is attempting to establish a trusting relationship with a child, what is the most important and lasting thing to do?
- A. Convey respect.
- B. Talk with the child.
- C. Be honest.
- D. Talk with family.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: To establish a trusting relationship, the most important thing is to be honest.
What is the correct way to assess for the presence of jaundice in an African-American child?
- A. Examine the sclera.
- B. Press the edge of the pinna.
- C. Apply pressure to the gum.
- D. Compare the color on the soles of the feet.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The gums in individuals with dark complexions can be used to assess jaundice by pressing the gums about the teeth.
When discussing growth and development with the parents of a child, the nurse explains that nutrition is the single most important influence on:
- A. cognitive development.
- B. secondary sexual characteristics.
- C. the production of blood cells.
- D. the growth of bones and muscle.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Nutrition is probably the single most important influence on growth.