Nokea
Why should the nurse closely monitor older adults when they are receiving IV therapy?
- A. Because their defense mechanisms are less efficient.
- B. Because they are prone to fluid overload.
- C. Because they are prone to increased renal efficiency.
- D. Because they have inadequate intake of dietary fiber.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because older adults are more prone to fluid overload due to reduced kidney function.
You may also like to solve these questions
Trevor Gilbert, 59, arrives at the ambulatory surgery department as instructed prior to his back surgery. The baseline history taken on Mr. Gilbert should include:
- A. experiences he's had with hospitalizations.
- B. reactions to his childhood immunizations.
- C. what type of diet he's on and his compliance with it.
- D. what he believes will happen as a result of the surgery.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A preoperative assessment should include the patient's history, but the focus should be particularly on his expectations of this particular hospitalization. Knowledge about whether he received his childhood immunizations is important, but his reactions to those, even if he knows what they were, is not the most important information to gain today. The type of diet he's on is good information, but again not the most important information listed here. It is vital to determine the patient's expectations of his surgery, in order to correct any misperceptions he may have about the outcome, or reason, for this invasive treatment.
A 72-year-old female client is lifted to the surgery table in preparation for a total knee replacement. The client is in stage III of inhalation anesthesia. An appropriate nursing action for this client is:
- A. to prevent injury by assisting the anesthesiologist to restrain the client, if necessary.
- B. to prepare the operative site.
- C. to promote restoration of ventilation and vasomotor tone.
- D. to reduce external stimuli.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Preventing injury by restraining the client, if necessary, is a nursing action of stage II, which extends from loss of consciousness to relaxation. Stage III extends from the loss of lid reflex to cessation of voluntary respirations. Operative procedures are performed during stage III of inhalation anesthesia. Promoting restoration of ventilation and vasomotor tone is a nursing action for stage IV in which an overdose has occurred. Respiratory arrest and vasomotor collapse result from medullary paralysis. Reduction of external stimuli is a nursing action for stage I, which extends from induction to loss of consciousness.
What is the primary goal of treating hyperopia?
- A. Improve near vision
- B. Improve distance vision
- C. Correct astigmatism
- D. None of the above
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hyperopia primarily affects near vision, so treatment focuses on improving it.
Which of the following cancer patients could less ergenically be placed together as roommates?
- A. A patient with a neutrophil count of 1000/mm³.
- B. A patient who underwent debulking of a tumor to relieve pressure.
- C. A patient receiving high-dose chemotherapy after a bone marrow harvest.
- D. A patient who is post-op laminectomy for spinal cord compression.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Patients undergoing debulking surgery are generally less immunocompromised compared to those receiving high-dose chemotherapy or with severely low neutrophil counts.
Nursing diagnoses mostly differ from medical diagnoses, in that they are
- A. dependent upon medical diagnoses for the direction of appropriate interventions.
- B. primarily concerned with caring, while medical diagnoses are primarily concerned with curing.
- C. primarily concerned with human response, while medical diagnoses are primarily concerned with pathology.
- D. primarily concerned with psychosocial parameters, while medical diagnoses are primarily concerned with physiologic parameters.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Nursing diagnoses focus on the patient's response to health conditions, whereas medical diagnoses focus on the disease itself.