Nokea
Why should the nurse wake up a client, who is to undergo an EEG, at midnight?
- A. Because excess sleep may make the client lazy and nervous for the EEG.
- B. Because optimum sleep helps regulate the breathing patterns during the EEG.
- C. Because it helps the client to fall asleep naturally during the EEG.
- D. Because it reduces the chances of getting a headache when electrodes are fixed to the client's scalp.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Natural sleep cycles improve EEG results.
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During your visit Mrs. Aster complains of ringing in her ears. In questioning her, which of the following responses would indicate to you that she understands the possible cause?
- A. I have been eating a lot of fruits lately.
- B. I have been taking a vitamin supplement.
- C. I went to a loud jazz concert last night.
- D. I have been taking more aspirin lately.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Aspirin overdose can cause tinnitus (ringing in the ears).
Like other systems in the body, the nervous system is composed of organs, principally the brain, spinal cord, nerves, and _______.
- A. ganglia
- B. axon
- C. neurons
- D. dura mater
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The nervous system is composed of several key organs, including the brain, spinal cord, nerves, and ganglia. Ganglia are clusters of nerve cell bodies located outside the central nervous system and play a role in processing and transmitting nerve signals. Axons and neurons are components of nerves, while the dura mater is a protective membrane surrounding the brain and spinal cord. Ganglia are the correct answer as they are distinct organs within the nervous system.
Mr. Sands continues to be quiet and withdrawn several days after admission. Besides Raynaud phenomenon, he has generalized telangiectasis. He seldom initiates conversation, and although up ad lib, he rarely leaves his room. Which one of the following goals would be most important to develop in his nursing care plan?
- A. Provide for solitude and rest
- B. Protect from temperature extremes
- C. Enhance self-concept
- D. Move to a four-bed ward
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Enhancing self-concept can improve social interaction and emotional well-being.
Regarding the speech centres
- A. Broca's area is on the left side in most left-handed people
- B. Broca's area is posterior
- C. Wernicke's area controls motor response
- D. Damage to Broca's area produces motor aphasia
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Broca's area, located in the frontal lobe, is responsible for speech production. Damage to this area results in motor (expressive) aphasia, where patients understand language but cannot produce coherent speech.
The nurse practitioner conducting a neurological assessment on a patient uses a sterile cotton wisp to lightly touch the patient’s forehead, cheek, and chin. The nurse practitioner is testing the:
- A. Cranial nerve V (trigeminal)
- B. Cranial nerve VII (facial)
- C. Cranial nerve XII (hypoglossal)
- D. Cranial nerve II (optic)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Cranial nerve V (trigeminal). The nurse practitioner is testing the trigeminal nerve's sensory function by using a sterile cotton wisp to assess light touch sensation in the patient's forehead, cheek, and chin. The trigeminal nerve has three branches - ophthalmic, maxillary, and mandibular - which innervate these areas respectively. By assessing the patient's response to the light touch in these specific areas, the nurse practitioner can determine if the sensory function of the trigeminal nerve is intact.
Summary:
B: Cranial nerve VII (facial) controls facial expression, not sensation.
C: Cranial nerve XII (hypoglossal) controls tongue movement, not facial sensation.
D: Cranial nerve II (optic) is responsible for vision, not facial sensation.