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Which type of bone tumor is a benign overgrowth of bone and cartilage and may transform into a malignant form?
- A. Endochroma
- B. Osteoclastoma
- C. Ewing's sarcoma
- D. Osteochondroma
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Osteochondromas are benign but can become malignant.
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A patient diagnosed with somatic symptom disorder says, I have pain from an undiagnosed injury. I can't take care of myself. I need pain medicine six or seven times a day. I feel like a baby because my family has to help me so much. It is important for the nurse to assess:
- A. mood.
- B. cognitive style.
- C. secondary gains.
- D. identity and memory.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: secondary gains. In this scenario, the patient's focus on pain and dependency suggests potential secondary gains, such as attention or avoidance of responsibilities. Assessing secondary gains helps in understanding the underlying motivations for the symptoms. Mood (choice A) may be important but doesn't directly address the patient's behavior. Cognitive style (choice B) and identity/memory (choice D) are not as relevant in this context as secondary gains in somatic symptom disorder.
The 45-year-old client is diagnosed with primary progressive multiple sclerosis and the nurse writes the nursing diagnosis 'anticipatory grieving related to progressive loss.' Which intervention should be implemented?
- A. Consult the physical therapist for assistive devices for mobility.
- B. Determine if the client has a legal power of attorney.
- C. Ask if the client would like to talk to the hospital chaplain.
- D. Discuss the client's wishes regarding end-of-life care.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Discussing end-of-life care is crucial for clients with progressive diseases like MS, as it helps them plan for the future and express their wishes.
The motor nuclei of the facial nerve are situated in the
- A. Floor of the third ventricle
- B. Cerebellum
- C. Midbrain
- D. Pons
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The motor nuclei of the facial nerve are located in the pons. These nuclei control the muscles of facial expression.
Spinal Cord originates from which part of the brain?
- A. Cerebellum
- B. Medulla
- C. Pons
- D. Cerebrum
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Medulla is the correct answer because the spinal cord originates from the medulla oblongata, which is the lowest part of the brainstem. The medulla controls involuntary functions such as heart rate, breathing, and reflexes like swallowing and sneezing.
You have been caring for a patient with osteomyelitis. In preparing the patient for discharge, you include teaching about
- A. The importance of completing the multiple-week treatment with antibiotics.
- B. The side effects and interactions of the medications.
- C. Symptoms that necessitate a call to the physician, nurse practitioner, or physician assistant.
- D. All of the above.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: All aspects mentioned are crucial for effective post-discharge care and prevention of complications.