Nokea
Wilma was shocked to see that the Tracheostomy was dislodged. Both the inner and outer cannulas was removed and left hanging on James' neck. What are the 2 equipment's at james' bedside that could help Wilma deal with this situation?
- A. New set of tracheostomy tubes and Oxygen tank
- B. Theophylline and Epinephrine
- C. Obturator and Kelly clamp
- D. Sterile saline dressing
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In the situation described, the best equipment at James' bedside to address the dislodged tracheostomy and the removal of both the inner and outer cannulas would be a new set of tracheostomy tubes and an oxygen tank.
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One of the clinical manifestations of chronic renal failure is uremic frost. Which best describes this term?
- A. Deposits of urea crystals in urine
- B. Deposits of urea crystals on skin
- C. Overexcretion of blood urea nitrogen
- D. Inability of body to tolerate cold temperatures
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Uremic frost is a term used to describe the presence of urea crystals on the skin of individuals with chronic renal failure. As kidney function declines in chronic renal failure, the body is unable to effectively excrete waste products such as urea. Urea can then be deposited on the skin when sweating, leading to the formation of white or frost-like crystals, giving the appearance of "uremic frost." This condition is a visible indicator of severe kidney dysfunction and the buildup of waste products in the body.
Which client has the highest risk of ovarian cancer?
- A. 30-year old woman taking contraceptives
- B. 45-year old woman who has never been pregnant
- C. 40-year old woman with three children
- D. 36-year old woman who had her first child at age 22
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: One of the major risk factors for ovarian cancer is nulliparity, which means never having been pregnant. This is because pregnancy and childbirth have a protective effect against ovarian cancer. Women who have never been pregnant are at a higher risk of developing ovarian cancer compared to women who have had children. Age is also a significant risk factor for ovarian cancer, with the risk increasing as women get older. Therefore, the 45-year old woman who has never been pregnant has the highest risk of ovarian cancer among the given clients.
In the newborn, intramuscular phytonadione (vitamin K) is administered into which muscle?
- A. Deltoid
- B. Dorsogluteal
- C. Vastus medialis
- D. Vastus lateralis
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In newborns, intramuscular phytonadione (vitamin K) is typically administered into the vastus lateralis muscle. This muscle is located on the front of the thigh and is a commonly used site for IM injections in infants due to its large muscle mass, accessibility, and low risk of hitting major nerves or blood vessels. The vastus lateralis muscle is considered a safe and effective site for administering medications to newborns.
A 10 years old girl presented with fever and bruises for last 2 weeks. On examination she is pale; however there is no evidence of lymphadenopathy or hepatosplenomegaly. Her Hb is 6g/dl, TLC is 2700 and platelets are 90000. The most appropriate investigation to clinch the diagnosis is:
- A. Bone marrow aspiration
- B. Retics count
- C. Bleeding time
- D. PT and APTT
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Bone marrow aspiration is essential to rule out conditions like aplastic anemia or leukemia, which could explain the symptoms and lab findings.
The nurse is assigned to care for a postoperative client who has diabetes mellitus. During the assessment interview, the client reports that he's impotent and says he's concerned about its effect on his marriage. In planning this client's care, the most appropriate intervention would be to:
- A. Encourage the client to ask questions about personality sexuality
- B. Provide time for privacy
- C. Provide support for the spouse or significant other
- D. Suggest referral to a sex counselor or other appropriate professional
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Suggesting a referral to a sex counselor or other appropriate professional would be the most appropriate intervention in this case. Impotence or erectile dysfunction can have significant emotional and psychological implications, especially in the context of a marital relationship. A sex counselor or therapist who specializes in sexual health can provide the necessary support, guidance, and strategies to help the client and his spouse navigate this issue effectively. This intervention is aimed at addressing the client's concerns about impotence, its impact on his marriage, and ultimately promoting holistic well-being.