Nokea
With respect to Sertoli cells which of the following statements is incorrect
- A. Nourish developing sperm
- B. receive stimulation by testosterone
- C. phagocytose defective sperm
- D. secrete the hormone inhibin which inhibits luteinizing hormone secretion
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because Sertoli cells do secrete inhibin, but it does not inhibit luteinizing hormone secretion. Inhibin actually inhibits follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) secretion. Sertoli cells support spermatogenesis by nourishing developing sperm (A), they are stimulated by testosterone (B), and they also phagocytose defective sperm (C). Therefore, option D is incorrect as it misrepresents the role of inhibin in the endocrine regulation of the male reproductive system.
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A man suffers from a disease that destroyed only the motor neurons of the spinal cord below the thoracic region. Which aspect of sexual function would not be possible?
- A. Arousal
- B. Erection
- C. Lubrication
- D. Ejaculation
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Ejaculation. Motor neurons control muscle movements, including those involved in ejaculation. Since the motor neurons below the thoracic region are damaged, the man would not be able to ejaculate. Arousal (A), erection (B), and lubrication (C) are controlled by different mechanisms and do not solely rely on motor neurons in the spinal cord.
How many seminiferous tubules are found in each lobule?
- A. 1-3
- B. 50-100
- C. 200-300
- D. 500 or more
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B (50-100) because each lobule in the testis contains multiple seminiferous tubules where sperm production occurs. The average number of seminiferous tubules per lobule ranges from 50 to 100. This is supported by anatomical studies and research on testicular structure.
Explanation:
A: 1-3 - This is too low as each lobule contains more seminiferous tubules for efficient sperm production.
C: 200-300 - This is too high as it overestimates the number of seminiferous tubules per lobule.
D: 500 or more - This is excessive and not accurate based on scientific findings.
In summary, choice B is correct because it accurately reflects the typical range of seminiferous tubules per lobule, while the other choices either underestimate or overestimate this number.
A patient comes in having had repeated colds and infections. Problems in his ear are shown to be due to accumulation of fluid in the middle ear. This is due to a blockage of the:
- A. Saccule
- B. Utricle
- C. External ear
- D. Eustachian tube
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Eustachian tube. The Eustachian tube connects the middle ear to the back of the nose and throat, helping to equalize air pressure and drain fluid from the middle ear. Blockage of the Eustachian tube can lead to fluid accumulation in the middle ear, causing ear problems. The other choices, A: Saccule and B: Utricle, are structures in the inner ear related to balance and hearing, not fluid drainage. Choice C: External ear, refers to the outer ear structures and is not involved in middle ear fluid accumulation.
Sperm are stores in the ___________, ascend into the ___________ prior to ejaculation, and are discharged from the penis through the ____________
- A. seminiferous tubules, prostate gland, vas deferens.
- B. epididymis, vas deferens, urethra
- C. epididymis, epididymis, urethra
- D. epididymis. Prostate gland, urethra
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Sperm are stored in the epididymis, ascend into the vas deferens prior to ejaculation, and are discharged from the penis through the urethra. The epididymis is where sperm mature and are stored. The vas deferens is the duct through which sperm travels from the epididymis to the urethra for ejaculation. The urethra is the final pathway for sperm to exit the body. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they do not follow the correct anatomical pathway of sperm from storage to ejaculation.
Twisting of the spermatic cord results in a condition called
- A. Varicocele
- B. Hydrocele
- C. Cryptorchidism
- D. Testicular torsion
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Testicular torsion. Testicular torsion occurs when the spermatic cord twists, cutting off blood flow to the testicle. This can lead to severe pain and require emergency treatment to prevent tissue damage. Varicocele (A) is the enlargement of veins within the scrotum. Hydrocele (B) is the accumulation of fluid around the testicle. Cryptorchidism (C) is the condition of undescended testicles. Testicular torsion is the only choice that directly involves twisting of the spermatic cord leading to a medical emergency.