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You are caring for a patient who has been diagnosed with genital herpes. When preparing a teaching plan for this patient, what general guidelines should be taught?
- A. Thorough handwashing is essential.
- B. Sun bathing assists in eradicating the virus.
- C. Lesions should be massaged with ointment.
- D. Self-infection cannot occur from touching lesions during a breakout.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Handwashing reduces the risk of reinfection and spread to others or other body parts. Sunbathing does not eradicate the virus, and lesions should not be massaged with ointment to avoid irritation. Touching lesions can lead to self-infection if hygiene is not maintained.
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A middle-aged female patient has been offered testing for HIV/AIDS upon admission to the hospital for an unrelated health problem. The nurse observes that the patient is visibly surprised and embarrassed by this offer. How should the nurse best respond?
- A. Most women with HIV dont know they have the disease. If you have it, its important we catch it early.
- B. This testing is offered to every adolescent and adult regardless of their lifestyle, appearance or history.
- C. The rationale for this testing is so that you can begin treatment as soon as testing comes back, if its positive.
- D. Youre being offered this testing because you are actually in the prime demographic for HIV infection.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Routine HIV screening is offered to all individuals aged 13 to 64 in healthcare settings to reduce stigma and encourage testing. This approach avoids assumptions about risk and alleviates patient anxiety.
A 25-year-old patient diagnosed with invasive cervical cancer expresses a desire to have children. What procedure might the physician offer as treatment?
- A. Radical hysterectomy
- B. Radical culposcopy
- C. Radical trabeculectomy
- D. Radical trachelectomy
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Radical trachelectomy preserves the uterus for potential pregnancy in young women with cervical cancer. Hysterectomy removes the uterus, and culposcopy/trabeculectomy are not relevant.
A patient with a genital herpes exacerbation has a nursing diagnosis of acute pain related to the genital lesions. What nursing intervention best addresses this diagnosis?
- A. Cover the lesions with a topical antibiotic.
- B. Keep the lesions clean and dry.
- C. Apply a topical NSAID to the lesions.
- D. Remain on bed rest until the lesions resolve.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Keeping herpes lesions clean and dry reduces pain and promotes healing. Antibiotics are ineffective for viral infections, and topical NSAIDs are not standard. Bed rest is unnecessary unless pain is severe.
A patient has been diagnosed with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The nurse should encourage what health promotion activity to address the patients hormone imbalance and infertility?
- A. Kegel exercises
- B. Increased fluid intake
- C. Weight loss
- D. Topical antibiotics as ordered
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Weight loss, even as little as 5% of body weight, can improve hormone imbalance and infertility in PCOS. Kegel exercises and fluid intake do not address PCOS. Antibiotics are irrelevant as PCOS is not infectious.
A patient has returned from a hysterectomy to the post-surgical unit. The patient's care plan addresses the a risk of hemorrhage. How should the nurses best monitor the patient's postoperative blood loss?
- A. Have patients void and have regular bowel movements using a commode rather than a toilet.
- B. Count and inspect each perineal pad used daily.
- C. Swab the patient's perineum for blood presence at least once per shift.
- D. Leave the patient's perineal area open to air to facilitate inspection.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Counting and inspecting perineal pads monitors blood loss accurately. Swabbing is insufficient, toilet use is unnecessary, and leaving the perineum open is not standard practice.