You are gathering assessment data from a medication history of a 38-year-old male with four children. What assessment information would be most important in providing care for this patient?
- A. The medication history of the patient's mother and/or father
- B. The name of the patient's pharmacy
- C. Insurance, financial support, and stability for the patient and his family
- D. The last time the patient was hospitalized
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Insurance and financial stability impact access to medications and adherence, critical for a 38-year-old with family responsibilities.
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A nurse is preparing to administer medications to a 4-month-old infant. Which of the following pharmacokinetic principles should the nurse consider when administering medications to this client?
- A. Infants have a more rapid gastric emptying time.
- B. Infants have normal liver function.
- C. Infants have a more rapid gastric emptying time.
- D. Infants have an increased ability to absorb topical medications.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Immature liver function affects metabolism, and increased topical absorption occurs due to thinner skin; rapid gastric emptying (A,C) is incorrect.
Hypoglycemia can result from the action of either insulin or an oral hypoglycemic. Signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia include:
- A. Fruity' breath odor and rapid respiration
- B. Diarrhea, abdominal pain, weight loss, and hypertension
- C. Dizziness, confusion, diaphoresis, and tachycardia
- D. Easy bruising, palpitations, cardiac dysrhythmias, and coma
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hypoglycemia presents with neuroglycopenic (dizziness, confusion) and adrenergic (diaphoresis, tachycardia) symptoms.
Angina pectoris, tachycardia, and arrhythmias are possible adverse effects of which of the following drugs?
- A. Clonidine
- B. Phenylephrine
- C. Propranolol
- D. Salbutamol
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Salbutamol, a beta-2 agonist, can cause cardiac stimulation as a side effect.
A nurse is explaining to a young mother why she cannot give her 2-year-old child an adult dose of Tylenol. Which of the following statements would indicate that the mother needs further education?
- A. There could be a time when my child may need a higher dose than normal.'
- B. My baby's dose of Tylenol is based on a healthy adult male.'
- C. My baby can't handle a high dose of Tylenol because her liver may be damaged.'
- D. My child's dose of Tylenol should be based on her weight or age.'
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A child's dose is never based on an adult's dose. However, on rare occasions a child's dose might be higher than normal if a critical concentration cannot be reached with a smaller dose and a higher dose would not be harmful. Benefits from the increased dosage would have to outweigh the risk for adverse or toxic effects. A child's organs may not be mature enough to handle drugs, causing drug metabolism to be altered. A child's dosages are determined by the age, weight, or body surface.
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for Dextromethorphan to suppress a cough. The nurse should instruct the client to monitor for which of the following adverse effects of this medication?
- A. Diarrhea
- B. Anxiety
- C. Sedation
- D. Palpitations
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Dextromethorphan can cause sedation , a common side effect of this cough suppressant.