Nokea
Which of the following statements about leukotriene pathway inhibitors in
- A. They are more potent anti-inflammatory agents than corticosteroids
- B. Have less side effects than corticosteroids
- C. Are contraindicated in children below 10 years of age
- D. Have no role in aspirin induced asthma
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Leukotriene inhibitors have fewer side effects than corticosteroids.
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The ganglion blocking drugs act by
- A. Competing with acetylcholine at neuromuscular junctions
- B. Preventing release of acetylcholine
- C. Preventing nerve conduction in post ganglionic segment
- D. Preventing catecholamine release or inactivating it
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ganglion blockers (e.g., hexamethonium) prevent acetylcholine release at ganglia.
A nurse is preparing to administer medications to a 4-month-old infant. Which of the following pharmacokinetic principles should the nurse consider when administering medications to this client?
- A. Infants have a more rapid gastric emptying time.
- B. Infants have normal liver function.
- C. Infants have a more rapid gastric emptying time.
- D. Infants have an increased ability to absorb topical medications.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Immature liver function affects metabolism, and increased topical absorption occurs due to thinner skin; rapid gastric emptying (A,C) is incorrect.
Theophylline levels in blood are increased by:
- A. Erythromycin
- B. Ciprofloxacin
- C. Smoking
- D. Digitalis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Erythromycin inhibits theophylline metabolism, raising levels.
The mean weight of 500 college students is 70 kg and the standard deviation is 3 kg. Assuming that the weight is normally distributed, determine how many students weigh exactly 64 kg.
- B. 5
- C. 10
- D. 15
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In a continuous normal distribution, the probability of an exact value (e.g., P(X=64)) is 0, as probability is measured over intervals, not points. Thus, 0 students, as per the document.
Which of the following is the indication for glucocorticoid prescribing?
- A. Cataract
- B. Prevention of respiratory distress
- C. Hypofunction of thyroid gland
- D. Hypocalcemia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Glucocorticoids are used to prevent respiratory distress, particularly in preterm infants, by promoting lung maturation.