Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Questions

Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Questions Related

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You are investigating the role of physical activity in heart disease, and your data suggest a protective effect. While presenting your findings, a colleague asks whether you have thought about confounders, such as factor X. Under which of the following conditions could this factor have confounded your interpretation of the data?

  • A. It is a risk factor for some other disease, but not heart disease.
  • B. It is a risk factor associated with the physical activity measure and heart disease.
  • C. It is part of the causal pathway by which physical activity affects heart disease.
  • D. It has caused a lack of follow-up of test subjects.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: A confounder must be associated with both the exposure (physical activity) and the outcome (heart disease), and it should not lie on the causal pathway between them.

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If null hypothesis is rejected even if it is true is

  • A. Type I error
  • B. Type II error
  • C. β error
  • D. µ error
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: A Type I error occurs when the null hypothesis is incorrectly rejected.

Usually conventional researches base on

  • A. Deduction
  • B. Induction
  • C. Relationalism
  • D. None of the above
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Conventional research typically uses deduction, moving from general principles to specific conclusions.

What types of challenges impact the availability of a safe water supply?

  • A. Pollution, aging infrastructure, climate change.
  • B. Excessive rainfall, low temperatures.
  • C. Unlimited freshwater sources, advanced filtration.
  • D. High public investment, minimal regulation.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Challenges include pollution, deteriorating infrastructure, and climate change affecting water resources.

Green house gas—

  • A. trap heat of planet
  • B. reflects heat from the planet
  • C. reduces temperature of atmosphere
  • D. all
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Greenhouse gases trap heat within Earth's atmosphere, contributing to global warming.

Confidence limit can be calculated by using

  • A. Mean and range
  • B. Mean standard deviation
  • C. Median and range deviation
  • D. Median and standard
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Confidence limits are calculated using the mean and standard deviation.

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