Nokea
The main of antituberculosis is
- A. bacteriological care
- B. radiological care
- C. prevent complication
- D. contact tracing
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Bacteriological care is the cornerstone of tuberculosis control as it confirms diagnosis and monitors treatment effectiveness.
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Describe the significance for epidemiology of the use of natural experiments.
- A. Natural experiments allow for randomized controlled trials.
- B. Natural experiments eliminate the need for data collection.
- C. Natural experiments provide real-world data without artificial manipulation.
- D. Natural experiments are only used in laboratory settings.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Natural experiments study real-world conditions, providing valuable insights into disease causation and prevention.
Define in your own words the term 'operations research'.
- A. The use of mathematical models to optimize healthcare delivery.
- B. Research focused on surgical procedures.
- C. Studies conducted in hospital operating rooms.
- D. Analysis of clinical trial data.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Operations research involves applying mathematical and analytical methods to optimize complex systems, such as healthcare delivery.
Plotted curve usually begins in the upper left corner
- A. Cumulative frequency curve
- B. Survival curve
- C. Both
- D. Neither
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Survival curves begin in the upper left corner indicating 100% survival initially.
Govt. of Nepal formulated the Drug act in
- A. 1978
- B. 1988
- C. 1976
- D. 1986
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The Drug Act was formulated in 1978.
The impact of an exposure on a population does not depend upon:
- A. the strength of the association between exposure and disease.
- B. the prevalence of the exposure.
- C. the case fatality rate.
- D. the overall incidence rate of disease in the population.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The case fatality rate refers to the proportion of individuals with a disease who die from it. While important, it does not directly determine the impact of an exposure on a population. The impact depends more on prevalence, incidence, and strength of association.