Nokea
You are preparing the supplies to initiate an IV for one of your patients. You have assessed the expiration date of the IV tubing package and removed it from the packaging. Which of the following should you perform prior to spiking the IV solution bag?
- A. Close the roller clamp on the tubing.
- B. Prepare the IV start kit for use.
- C. Label the solution bag.
- D. Ensure that the air has been removed from the tubing.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Closing the roller clamp prevents air entry and uncontrolled fluid flow when spiking the bag.
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Which vascular access device(s) is(are) commonly used for scalp veins in newborns?
- A. Butterfly needle
- B. Intracath
- C. Central line
- D. PICC line
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Butterfly needles are small and ideal for accessing delicate scalp veins in newborns.
Match each IV fluid with the appropriate term that accurately describes the solution's tonicity: D5\%NS
- A. Isotonic
- B. Hypotonic
- C. Hypertonic
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: D5%NS is hypertonic due to added dextrose, increasing osmolarity above plasma.
What is the term for removing air from the IV tubing?
- A. Flushing
- B. Priming
- C. Purging
- D. Venting
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Priming the IV tubing removes air to prevent air embolism during infusion.
How does an intermittent prn lock differ from a traditional IV site?
- A. The prn lock is used for continual infusion of IV fluids or medications.
- B. The patient with a prn lock must be stuck each time medication needs to be administered.
- C. The prn lock provides subcutaneous access rather than IV access.
- D. The prn lock allows for intermittent infusion of IV fluids or medications without requiring a continual infusion of fluids.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A prn lock (saline lock) allows intermittent access without continuous infusion, unlike traditional IVs that often run fluids continuously.
The IVPB is to infuse over 20 minutes. The PB solution bag is 100 mL. The tubing's drop factor is 20. Calculate the gravity infusion rate.
Correct Answer: 100 gtt/min
Rationale: Formula: (100 mL ? 20 gtt/mL) ÷ 20 min = 2000 ÷ 20 = 100 gtt/min.