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Which of the following explanations of the differences between IV push and IVPB routes of administration are correct?
- A. The IV push route of administration allows direct infusion from the bag of solution at a rapid rate, which pushes the medication in quickly.
- B. The IVPB route of administration allows medications to infuse over a 1- to 2-minute interval.
- C. The IVPB route of administration requires that the medication be dissolved in a volume of fluid, ranging between 50 and 250 mL.
- D. The IV push route of administration provides for direct injection of medication into the port closest to the IV site.
Correct Answer: C,D
Rationale: IVPB involves medication diluted in 50-250 mL, infused over a longer period, while IV push is a direct, rapid injection into the IV port.
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Match each IV fluid with the appropriate term that accurately describes the solution's tonicity: LR
- A. Isotonic
- B. Hypotonic
- C. Hypertonic
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Lactated Ringer's (LR) is isotonic, closely mimicking plasma osmolarity.
The health care provider has ordered the IV to infuse at 30 mL/hr. The tubing's drop factor is 60. Calculate the gravity infusion rate.
Correct Answer: 30 gtt/min
Rationale: Formula: (30 mL ? 60 gtt/mL) ÷ 60 min = 1800 ÷ 60 = 30 gtt/min.
Another term for blood clot is
- A. Embolus
- B. Thrombus
- C. Plaque
- D. Hematoma
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A thrombus is a stationary blood clot formed within a blood vessel.
Name four of the most commonly used veins for IV initiation.
- A. Cephalic, basilic, median cubital, radial
- B. Cephalic, basilic, median cubital, dorsal hand veins
- C. Brachial, radial, ulnar, saphenous
- D. Femoral, jugular, subclavian, cephalic
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cephalic, basilic, median cubital, and dorsal hand veins are large, accessible, and commonly used for IV placement.
You are preparing the supplies to initiate an IV for one of your patients. You have assessed the expiration date of the IV tubing package and removed it from the packaging. Which of the following should you perform prior to spiking the IV solution bag?
- A. Close the roller clamp on the tubing.
- B. Prepare the IV start kit for use.
- C. Label the solution bag.
- D. Ensure that the air has been removed from the tubing.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Closing the roller clamp prevents air entry and uncontrolled fluid flow when spiking the bag.