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You are preparing to administer a Schedule II drug. What special considerations are necessary?
- A. It is kept under double lock or with limited access in a computerized medication cabinet.
- B. It has a lower potential for abuse than Schedule III drugs.
- C. The remaining medications must be counted.
- D. The count must match the total in the record book.
- E. If kept in a computerized medication cabinet, the count is totaled by the nurse and the computer.
Correct Answer: A,C,D
Rationale: Schedule II drugs have a high potential for abuse and are tightly controlled, requiring secure storage (double lock or limited access), counting of remaining medications, and ensuring the count matches the record book. Schedule III drugs have a lower potential for abuse than Schedule II, making choice B incorrect. Computerized cabinets typically automate counts, so E is not universally required.
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The nurse knows the seven rights of medication administration are which of the following?
- A. Right patient
- B. Right route
- C. Right indication
- D. Right dosage
- E. Right documentation
- F. Right medication
- G. Right date and time
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D,E,F,G
Rationale: The seven rights of medication administration are right patient, right medication, right dose, right route, right time, right indication, and right documentation.
A patient is taking a medication to lower cholesterol. You know that the patient needs more teaching about the medication when he says:
- A. I will take my medicine each morning with grapefruit.'
- B. This medicine is to help lower my blood pressure.'
- C. If I experience any adverse effects or problems, I will contact my doctor.'
- D. I need to eat a low-fat diet and exercise as well as take this medication.'
Correct Answer: A,B
Rationale: Grapefruit can interact with many cholesterol-lowering medications (e.g., statins), affecting their metabolism and increasing side effects. The medication is for cholesterol, not blood pressure, indicating a misunderstanding. Choices C and D are correct behaviors.
You are using the PDR to look up a medication to determine its effects and side effects. The best way to obtain information is to first look up the medication in the:
- A. Brand and Generic Name Index and then read about it in the Product Information Section.
- B. Product Identification Section and then read about it in the Product Information Section.
- C. Manufacturer's Index and then locate it in the Product Identification Section.
- D. Product Category Index and then the Manufacturer's Index.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The Physician's Desk Reference (PDR) is best navigated by first using the Brand and Generic Name Index to find the medication, then referring to the Product Information Section for detailed effects and side effects.
A patient tells you that he is allergic to a muscle relaxer because it makes him sleep all day. You know that this is a common side effect of this medication. What action will you take?
- A. Record it as an allergy in the chart only
- B. Explain to the patient that he is not really allergic to the medication
- C. Record it as an allergy in the chart with an explanation of the reaction
- D. Notify the health-care provider immediately of the allergy and check for blood levels of the drug in the chart
Correct Answer: B,C
Rationale: The patient should be educated that excessive sleepiness is a side effect, not an allergy. However, it should still be documented in the chart with an explanation to clarify the reaction for future reference.
When you administer an antihypertensive medication at a dose within normal ranges, the patient's blood pressure drops to 84/60. This is a/an:
- A. side effect
- B. adverse effect
- C. allergic reaction
- D. anaphylactic reaction
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A drop in blood pressure to 84/60 is an adverse effect, as it is an unintended and potentially harmful response to the medication. Side effects are typically less severe, while allergic and anaphylactic reactions involve immune responses.