Nokea
You can expect that his sympathetic nervous system has stimulated his adrenal gland to release what?
- A. Endorphins
- B. Dopamine
- C. Epinephrine
- D. Testosterone
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In the sympathetic-adrenal-medullary response to stress, the sympathetic nervous system stimulates the adrenal gland to release epinephrine and norepinephrine.
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When planning this patients care, which of the following statements regarding acute inflammation should you recognize?
- A. Inflammation is essentially synonymous with infection.
- B. Inflammation may impair the healing process.
- C. Inflammation is a defensive reaction intended to remove an offending agent.
- D. Inflammation inhibits the release of histamines in the tissues.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Inflammation is a defensive reaction intended to remove an offending agent and prepare the site for repair. Inflammation is not the same as infection, it does not impair the healing process, and it does not inhibit the release of histamines in the tissues.
What is most important for the nurses to know about these coping behaviors?
- A. They are effective, but alternative, coping behaviors.
- B. They do not directly influence stress in the body.
- C. They are adaptive behaviors.
- D. They increase the risk of illness.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Coping processes that include the use of alcohol or drugs to reduce stress increase the risk of illness. The use of drugs and alcohol as a means to reduce stress are not effective coping behaviors. They are maladaptive behaviors, even though they have a short-term effect on stress.
What factors does the nurse know impact the processes of inflammation, repair, and replacement? Select all that apply.
- A. Severity of the injury
- B. Social relationships
- C. Condition of the host
- D. Familial support
- E. Nature of the injury
Correct Answer: A,C,E
Rationale: The condition of the host, the environment, and the nature and severity of the injury affect the processes of inflammation, repair, and replacement. The patients social relationships and familial support do not directly affect the processes of inflammation, repair, and replacement.
What would be your best response?
- A. This is a local inflammatory response to the insect bite; it is not an infection so antibiotics will not help.
- B. In children who are previously healthy, inflammation and infections usually resolve without the need for drugs.
- C. Ill make sure the doctor is made aware that youd like your son to have a course of antibiotics.
- D. Infection is not the same as inflammation. What your son has is inflammation.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Regardless of the cause, a general sequence of events occurs in the local inflammatory response. This sequence involves changes in the microcirculation, including vasodilation, increased vascular permeability, and leukocytic cellular infiltration. As these changes take place, five cardinal signs of inflammation are produced: redness, heat, swelling, pain, and loss of function. Infections do not always resolve spontaneously. The nurse should teach the patients father about the reasons that antibiotics are unnecessary rather than simply deferring to the physician.
What will be included in the nurses intervention?
- A. The use of progressive tensing and relaxing of muscles to release tension in each muscle group
- B. Using a positive self-image to increase and intensify physical exercise, which decreases stress
- C. The mindful use of a word, phrase, or visual, which allows oneself to be distracted and temporarily escape from stressful situations
- D. The use of music and humor to create a calm and relaxed demeanor, which allows escape from stressful situations
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Guided imagery is the mindful use of a word, phrase, or visual image to distract oneself from distressing situations or consciously taking time to relax or reenergize. Guided imagery does not involve muscle relaxation, positive self-image, or humor.