Nokea
Your patient with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is taking prednisone (Deltasone) and naproxen (Alleve) to reduce inflammation and joint pain. Which of these symptoms is the strongest indicator that a change in therapy may be necessary?
- A. The patient states that the RA symptoms are worst in the morning.
- B. The patient complains about having dry eyes.
- C. The patient has round and moveable nodules just under the skin.
- D. The patient has stools that are very dark in color.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Dark stools can indicate gastrointestinal bleeding which is a serious side effect of NSAIDs like naproxen. This requires immediate attention and possibly a change in therapy. The other symptoms while related to RA do not indicate an urgent need for a change in treatment.
You may also like to solve these questions
The oxidation-reduction pairs X/XHâ‚‚ and Y/YHâ‚‚ have reduction potentials of -50 and +75 millivolts, respectively. This means that electrons would most likely be removed from ______ to reduce ______.
- A. XHâ‚‚, Y
- B. Y, XHâ‚‚
- C. YHâ‚‚, X
- D. Y, YHâ‚‚
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: XHâ‚‚, Y. This is because the reduction potential of -50 mV for X/XHâ‚‚ indicates that X is more likely to lose electrons compared to Y with a reduction potential of +75 mV. Therefore, electrons would be removed from XHâ‚‚ (X) to reduce Y. Choice B is incorrect because Y has a higher reduction potential than XHâ‚‚, so electrons would not be removed from Y to reduce XHâ‚‚. Choices C and D are also incorrect as they do not consider the relative reduction potentials of X/XHâ‚‚ and Y/YHâ‚‚.
Which represents a correct grouping with respect to the target of an immune response, immune response strength, and resulting health status?
- A. Self-antigen, weak response, autoimmune disease
- B. Pathogen, strong response, recurrent infection
- C. Tumour antigen, weak response, cancer
- D. Transplanted organ, strong response, graft acceptance
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale:
1. Tumor antigens are non-self antigens that trigger a weak immune response due to immune tolerance.
2. Weak immune response against tumor antigens may lead to uncontrolled cell growth, resulting in cancer.
3. Strong immune responses are typically mounted against pathogens to clear infections.
4. Self-antigens should not trigger immune responses to prevent autoimmune diseases.
5. Transplanted organs can elicit strong immune responses leading to rejection, not acceptance.
Summary:
A - Incorrect: Self-antigens should not elicit immune responses to prevent autoimmune diseases.
B - Incorrect: Pathogens typically trigger strong immune responses to clear infections, not recurrent ones.
D - Incorrect: Transplanted organs often lead to strong immune responses and rejection, not acceptance.
Developing T cells in the thymus can express
- A. Both CD4 and CD8
- B. Only CD4
- C. Only CD8
- D. Neither CD4 or CD8
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because developing T cells initially express both CD4 and CD8 co-receptors in the thymus. This stage is crucial for T cell maturation and selection. Eventually, T cells undergo positive and negative selection processes to become either CD4+ helper T cells or CD8+ cytotoxic T cells based on their specificity and function. Choices B and C are incorrect because T cells initially express both CD4 and CD8. Choice D is also incorrect as T cells do express either CD4 or CD8 during their development in the thymus.
What could happen to the woman’s serum osmolality as a result of this meal?
- A. Increased
- B. No change
- C. Decreased
- D. Unchanged
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The meal contains high amounts of sodium from salt pork and gravy, which would increase serum osmolality due to increased sodium concentration in the blood.
A patient was given an IM injection of penicillin in the gluteus maximus and developed dyspnea and weakness within minutes following the injection. Which additional assessment findings indicate that the patient is having an anaphylactoid reaction (select all that apply)?
- A. Wheezing
- B. Hypertension
- C. Rash on arms
- D. Feeling of impending doom
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Anaphylactoid reactions involve symptoms like wheezing, rash, and a sense of impending doom due to severe allergic response.