Nokea
Your patient's asthma is poorly controlled. The patient reports using their rescue inhaler 4 times a week. In addition, the patient's asthma is not responding to other treatments. The physician orders the patient to take a medication that works by blocking the role of the immunoglobulin IgE. This describes which medication below?
- A. Montelukast
- B. Omalizumab
- C. Cromolyn
- D. Salmeterol
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Omalizumab is a monoclonal antibody that binds to IgE, preventing it from triggering allergic responses in asthma.
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Which assessment finding provides the best indication that the nurse needs to suction the client with a tracheostomy?
- A. Respirations are low.
- B. Pulse rate is slow.
- C. Breath sounds are wet.
- D. Blood pressure is elevated.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Wet breath sounds indicate mucus accumulation in the tracheostomy, necessitating suctioning to clear the airway.
Your patient with a diagnosis of latent tuberculosis infection needs a bronchoscopy. During transport to endoscopy, the patient will need to wear?
- A. N95 mask
- B. Surgical mask
- C. No special PPE is needed
- D. Face mask with shield
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Patients with latent tuberculosis are not contagious and have no symptoms, but during procedures like bronchoscopy that may generate aerosols, a surgical mask is worn to prevent potential spread if the infection is active.
The charge nurse is making rounds. Which client should the nurse assess first?
- A. The 29-year-old client diagnosed with reactive airway disease who is complaining the nurse caring for him was rude.
- B. The 76-year-old client diagnosed with heart failure who has 2+ edema of the lower extremities.
- C. The 15-year-old client diagnosed with diabetic ketoacidosis after a bout with the flu who has a blood glucose reading of 189 mg/dL.
- D. The 62-year-old client diagnosed with COPD and pneumonia who is receiving O2 by nasal cannula at two (2) liters per minute.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Blood glucose 189 mg/dL in DKA (C) indicates potential instability, requiring immediate assessment. Rudeness (A), edema (B), and stable COPD (D) are less urgent.
The clinic nurse is interviewing clients. Which information provided by a client warrants further investigation?
- A. The client uses Vicks VapoRub every night before bed.
- B. The client has had an appendectomy.
- C. The client takes a multiple vitamin pill every day.
- D. The client has been coughing up blood in the mornings.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Hemoptysis (D) suggests serious conditions (e.g., lung cancer, TB), requiring investigation. VapoRub (A), appendectomy (B), and vitamins (C) are benign.
The nurse is preparing the client for a polysomnography to confirm sleep apnea. Which preprocedure instruction should the nurse include?
- A. The client should not eat or drink past midnight.
- B. The client will receive a sedative for relaxation.
- C. The client will sleep in a laboratory for evaluation.
- D. The client will wear a monitor at home for this test.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Polysomnography involves overnight monitoring in a sleep lab (C) to assess sleep patterns and confirm sleep apnea. Fasting (A) is unnecessary. Sedatives (B) are avoided to ensure natural sleep. Home monitors (D) are used for different tests, not polysomnography.