Nokea
Which of the following is corresponding to the following statement: this drug is used for diabetes mellitus and while using there is an increased risk of pancreatitis:
- A. Miglitol
- B. Pioglitazon
- C. Exenatide
- D. Glimepiride
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Exenatide, a GLP-1 agonist, treats diabetes and has a known risk of pancreatitis as a rare but serious side effect.
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While administering a medication that the nurse has researched and found to have limited effectiveness, the patient tells the nurse, I have read all about this drug and it is such a wonder drug. I'm so lucky my doctor prescribed it because I just know it will treat my problem. The nurse suspects this drug will be more effective than usual for this patient because of what effect?
- A. Cumulative effect
- B. First-pass effect
- C. Placebo effect
- D. Cross-tolerance effect
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A drug is more likely to be effective if the patient thinks it will work than if the patient believes it will not work. This is called the placebo effect. If a drug is taken in successive doses at intervals that are shorter than recommended, or if the body is unable to eliminate a drug properly, the drug can accumulate in the body, leading to toxic levels and adverse effects. This is a cumulative effect. First-pass effect addresses the reduction of available drug when taken orally due to metabolism in the liver before the drug reaches the bloodstream. Cross-tolerance is resistance to drugs within the same class.
The advantage of using information technology for patient education includes:
- A. The ability to track the number of times you have given the patient the same instructions regarding their medication
- B. Standardized and individualized patient education that is simultaneously recorded into the patient record
- C. Easy access to private patient information specific to populations with a similar diagnosis
- D. The ability to download and interpret patient information in multiple languages, easily and accurately
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: IT provides standardized, individualized education recorded in the patient record.
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for Digoxin and has a new prescription for Colesevelam. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. Take digoxin with your morning dose of colesevelam.
- B. Your sodium and potassium levels will be monitored periodically while taking colesevelam.
- C. Watch for bleeding or bruising while taking colesevelam.
- D. Take colesevelam with food and at least one glass of water.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Colesevelam should be taken with food and water for proper absorption; digoxin timing needs separation.
Lispro is an insulin analogue produced by recombinant DNA technology. Which of the following statements about this form of insulin is NOT true?
- A. Optimal time of preprandial injection is 15 minutes
- B. Duration of action is increased when the dose is increased
- C. It is compatible with neutral protamine Hagedorn insulin
- D. It has no pronounced peak
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Lispro's duration is fixed (3-5 hours), not dose-dependent; 15-minute timing , NPH compatibility , and peakless profile are true.
In the liver insulin facilitates:
- A. Lypolisis
- B. Inhibit lipolysis
- C. Enhance lipoprotein lipase activity and support hydrolysis of triglycerides from lipoproteins
- D. Decrease production of glycerol phosphate and esterification of fatty acids
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Insulin inhibits lipolysis in the liver, reducing fatty acid release.