Nokea
The American Dietetic Association has recommended the use of specific nutritional supplements in the following population(s):
- A. 400 IU per day of vitamin D in all infants and children
- B. 1,000 IU per day of vitamin D for all pregnant women
- C. 60 mg per day of iron for all adults over age 50 years
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The ADA recommends 400 IU/day of vitamin D for infants and children to support bone health.
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The following drugs reduce mortality in congestive cardiac failure EXCEPT:
- A. Captopril
- B. Carvedilol
- C. Digoxin
- D. Enalapril
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Digoxin improves symptoms but does not reduce mortality in heart failure.
Phil is starting treatment with febuxostat (Uloric). Education of patients starting febuxostat includes:
- A. Gout may worsen with therapy
- B. Febuxostat may cause severe diarrhea
- C. He should consume a high-calcium diet
- D. He will need frequent CBC monitoring
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Febuxostat can initially worsen gout as uric acid mobilizes; diarrhea or calcium aren't emphasized.
The nurse, working on the maternity unit, receives a call from a pregnant woman asking how she can know whether a medication is safe to take while pregnant. What is the nurse's best response?
- A. You can take any drug indicated as a Category A.
- B. No medications should be taken during pregnancy.
- C. Never take medication until you receive approval from your health care provider.
- D. Most medications are safe but you need to weigh benefit against risk.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The best response to a pregnant woman asking about medication usage is to talk with her obstetric practitioner because the best advice will come from someone who knows their health and pregnancy history. While Category A drugs have no known risk, they may be contraindicated by the woman's health condition or pregnancy issues and many pregnant women would not know what it means to be a Category A drug. Medications can be helpful during pregnancy if taken safely and appropriately. Although risk benefit needs to be weighed, it should occur with advice from the obstetric practitioner.
Which of the following would be the best source of drug information for a nurse?
- A. Drug Facts and Comparisons book
- B. A nurse's drug guide
- C. A drug package insert
- D. The Physician's Drug Reference (PDR)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The most user-friendly drug source for a nurse is a nurse's drug guidebook. A guide provides nursing implications and patient teaching points that are most useful to nurses. The Drug Facts and Comparisons book provides a wide range of drug information but is hard to manipulate and is very expensive. A package insert contains all of the chemical and drug company research information about a drug, however, the information can be difficult to understand and the print is very small. The PDR is heavily cross-referenced and difficult to use.
A 26-year-old lady with primary infertility presents with hot flashes, nausea and a palpable adnexal mass.
- A. Clomiphene
- B. Hydrochlorothiazide
- C. Furosemide
- D. Mifepristone
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Clomiphene induces ovulation, with side effects including hot flashes and ovarian cysts.