Nokea
Which example best demonstrates safe drug administration by the nurse?
- A. Administering an oral medication with the patient sitting upright
- B. Asking children to say their name before administering the medication
- C. Leaving the medications on the bedside stand after verifying patient identification
- D. Returning the unused portion of a medication to a stock supply bottle
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Sitting the patient upright for oral medications is safe medication practice. Children should never be asked their names as a means of positive identification. Remaining with a patient until the drug is swallowed is safe practice. Returning an unused portion of medication to the stock supply bottle is not safe medication practice.
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Which hormones are produces by pancreas?
- A. Calcitirne
- B. Corticotropin
- C. Insuline
- D. Dopamine
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Insulin and glucagon are produced by the pancreas, regulating blood glucose levels; the others are not pancreatic hormones.
A patient is ordered to receive a subcutaneous injection of heparin twice a day. When administering this drug to the patient, which of the following would be most important for the nurse to do to minimize tissue damage?
- A. Insert the needle at the appropriate angle.
- B. Select the needle length based on the patient's weight.
- C. Ensure that there is no hair on the injection site.
- D. Rotate the injection site regularly.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The nurse should rotate the injection sites to minimize the damage caused to the tissue. Inserting the needle at the proper angle and selecting the needle length based on the patient's weight will not significantly help in minimizing tissue damage if the same site is repeatedly injected. It is not necessary to avoid injection sites that have hair as long as the drug is administered in the upper arms, the upper abdomen, and the upper back.
Which of the following patients would be at higher risk of experiencing adverse drug reactions (ADRs):
- A. A 32-year-old male
- B. A 22-year-old female
- C. A 3-month-old female
- D. A 48-year-old male
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Infants like a 3-month-old have immature organ systems, increasing ADR risk compared to healthy adults.
Persistent dry cough is a common side effect of:
- A. ACE inhibitor
- B. Calcium channel blockers
- C. Beta blockers
- D. Angiotensin receptor blockers
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: ACE inhibitors, such as lisinopril, frequently cause a persistent dry cough due to increased bradykinin levels irritating the respiratory tract.
Tick the second messenger of G-protein-coupled (metabotropic) receptor:
- A. Adenylyl cyclase
- B. Sodium ions
- C. Phospholipase C
- D. cAMP
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: cAMP is a classic second messenger generated by G-protein-coupled receptors via adenylyl cyclase.