Drug Classifications for Nurses

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A patient is ordered to receive a subcutaneous injection of heparin twice a day. When administering this drug to the patient, which of the following would be most important for the nurse to do to minimize tissue damage?

  • A. Insert the needle at the appropriate angle.
  • B. Select the needle length based on the patient's weight.
  • C. Ensure that there is no hair on the injection site.
  • D. Rotate the injection site regularly.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The nurse should rotate the injection sites to minimize the damage caused to the tissue. Inserting the needle at the proper angle and selecting the needle length based on the patient's weight will not significantly help in minimizing tissue damage if the same site is repeatedly injected. It is not necessary to avoid injection sites that have hair as long as the drug is administered in the upper arms, the upper abdomen, and the upper back.

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A nursing student is preparing to administer a prescribed drug to a patient. The student reviews information about the drug and its actions. Which of the following would be the best choice for obtaining this information?

  • A. Nursing instructor
  • B. Nurse assigned to the patient
  • C. Clinical drug reference
  • D. Prescribing health care provider
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Although the nursing student can ask the nursing instructor, the nurse assigned to the patient, and the prescribing health care provider for information about the drug, the best choices for drug information would include an appropriate drug reference and the clinical pharmacist.

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a prescription for Pramlintide for type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching?(Select one that does not apply.)

  • A. Take oral medications 1 hr before injection.
  • B. Use upper arms as preferred injection sites.
  • C. Mix pramlintide with breakfast dose of insulin.
  • D. Inject pramlintide just before a meal.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Injecting before meals and discarding after 28 days are key for pramlintide; it's not mixed with insulin.

When a pharmacoeconomic analysis looks at two or more treatment alternatives that are considered equal in efficacy and compares the costs of each it is referred to as:

  • A. Cost-minimization analysis
  • B. Cost-of-illness analysis
  • C. Cost-effectiveness analysis
  • D. Cost-benefit analysis
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Cost-minimization analysis compares costs of equally effective treatments.

Which of the following patients would be at higher risk of experiencing adverse drug reactions (ADRs):

  • A. A 32-year-old male
  • B. A 22-year-old female
  • C. A 3-month-old female
  • D. A 48-year-old male
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Infants like a 3-month-old have immature organ systems, increasing ADR risk compared to healthy adults.

Which of the following is not an indication that growth hormone supplements should be discontinued?

  • A. Imaging indication of epiphyseal closure
  • B. Growth curve increases have plateaued
  • C. Complaints of mild bone pain
  • D. Achievement of anticipated height goals
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Mild bone pain is a common side effect of growth hormone, not a stop signal; closure or plateau are.

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