Nokea
The type of adverse drug reaction that is idiosyncratic when a drug given in the usual therapeutic doses is type:
- A. A
- B. B
- C. C
- D. D
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Type B reactions are idiosyncratic, unpredictable responses to normal doses, unlike dose-related Type A or chronic Type C/D.
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A patient on a Class IV antiarrhythmic is experiencing bradycardia. Which medication is the patient most likely taking?
- A. Amiodarone
- B. Diltiazem
- C. Flecainide
- D. Lidocaine
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Diltiazem, a Class IV calcium channel blocker, slows AV node conduction, commonly causing bradycardia.
Aminoglycosides are poorly absorbed from the gut and must therefore be delivered via parenteral routes.
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Aminoglycosides have poor oral bioavailability due to their polar nature, requiring parenteral administration (e.g., IV or IM) for systemic effects.
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new prescription for Digoxin. The nurse should instruct the client to monitor and report which of the following adverse effects that is a manifestation Digoxin toxicity? (Select one that does not apply.)
- A. Fatigue
- B. Constipation
- C. Anorexia
- D. Diplopia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Fatigue , anorexia , and diplopia are signs of digoxin toxicity.
While collecting a medication history, the patient admits to doubling the recommended dosage of an over-the-counter (OTC) medication, saying its harmless or they would require a prescription. What is the nurses best response?
- A. OTC drugs are serious medications and carry serious risks if not taken as directed.
- B. Taking medications like that is careless and you could kill yourself doing it.
- C. Sometimes you need to take more than the package directs to treat the symptoms.
- D. Did you notify your doctor of the increased dosage you were taking?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: OTC drugs are no less a medication than prescription drugs and carry the same types of risks for overdosage and toxicity if directions are not followed. Although increasing the dosage is careless and dangerous, it is important to use the information as a teaching opportunity rather than scolding the patient. Agreeing with the patient or asking her if she talked to the doctor misses the teaching opportunity, which could be harmful for the patient.
After teaching a group of nursing students about pharmacokinetics, the instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the students identify which of the following as the site for the metabolism of most drugs?
- A. Liver
- B. Lungs
- C. Kidneys
- D. Intestinal mucosa
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Although the kidneys, lungs, plasma, and intestinal mucosa may aid in the metabolism of drugs, most drugs are metabolized by the liver.