Nokea
A 70-year-old patient has just received a drug that can cause sedation. What would be the priority nursing diagnosis for this patient?
- A. Noncompliance: Cost of the drug
- B. Deficient knowledge: Unfamiliar with drug therapy
- C. Risk for injury: Related to adverse effects of the drug
- D. Ineffective health maintenance: Need for medication
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Sedation increases the risk of falls or injury, making 'Risk for injury' the priority diagnosis over knowledge deficits or compliance issues.
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A nurse is preparing to administer heparin 15,000 units subcutaneously every 12 hr. The amount available is heparin injection 20,000 units/mL. How many mL should the nurse administer per dose? (Round the answer to the nearest tenth. Do not use a trailing zero.)
- A. 0.8
- B. 1
- C. 0.2
- D. 0.5
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Calculation: 15,000 units ÷ 20,000 units/mL = 0.75 mL, rounded to 0.8 mL, matching the answer.
Jacob has hypertension, for which a calcium channel blocker has been prescribed. This drug helps control blood pressure because it:
- A. Decreases the amount of calcium inside the cell
- B. Reduces stroke volume
- C. Increases the activity of the Na+/K+/ATPase pump indirectly
- D. Decreases heart rate
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Calcium channel blockers reduce intracellular calcium, relaxing vascular smooth muscle.
Which of the following drug increase the sensitivity of fatty tissue and muscles towards insulin:
- A. Dapagliphlozin
- B. Miglitol
- C. Nateglinide
- D. Rosiglitasone
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Rosiglitazone, a thiazolidinedione, enhances insulin sensitivity in fat and muscle via PPAR-gamma activation.
James is a 52-year-old overweight smoker taking theophylline for his persistent asthma. He tells his provider he is going to start the Atkin's diet for weight loss. The appropriate response would be:
- A. Congratulate him on making a positive change in his life
- B. Recommend he discuss this with his provider since the Atkin's diet increases the risk of theophylline toxicity
- C. Tell him the Atkin's diet has no effect on theophylline
- D. Suggest adding a steroid inhaler to manage asthma during the diet
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The Atkin's diet (high-fat, low-carb) can increase theophylline levels, risking toxicity ; simple congratulations or dismissal overlook this interaction.
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new prescription for Digoxin. The nurse should instruct the client to monitor and report which of the following adverse effects that is a manifestation Digoxin toxicity? (Select one that does not apply.)
- A. Fatigue
- B. Constipation
- C. Anorexia
- D. Diplopia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Fatigue , anorexia , and diplopia are signs of digoxin toxicity.