Nokea
Which of the following would predispose a client to mitral stenosis?
- A. Obesity
- B. Rheumatic fever
- C. Intravenous drug use
- D. Diabetes
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Mitral stenosis narrows the valve rheumatic fever's scarring, from streptococcal aftermath, is the prime culprit, stiffening leaflets over years. Obesity, IV drug use (tied to endocarditis), or diabetes don't directly scar valves. Nurses link rheumatic history to this, watching for dyspnea or murmurs, a legacy of infection shaping this cardiac bottleneck.
You may also like to solve these questions
Which condition assessed by the nurse would be an early warning sign of childhood cancer?
- A. Difficulty swallowing
- B. Frequent cough or hoarseness
- C. Change in bowel and bladder habits
- D. Swellings, lumps or masses anywhere on the body
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Childhood cancers often present with subtle, non-specific signs, but swellings, lumps, or masses anywhere on the body are a key early warning, indicating possible tumors like leukemia (lymphadenopathy), Wilms tumor, or sarcomas. Nurses must assess these palpable abnormalities, as they prompt urgent diagnostic workup imaging or biopsy to catch cancer early when treatment is most effective. Difficulty swallowing might suggest esophageal or brain tumors but isn't a common early childhood cancer sign. Frequent cough or hoarseness could indicate adult cancers (e.g., lung) or late-stage disease, not typical pediatric onset. Bowel and bladder changes are more adult-specific (e.g., colorectal cancer) or late effects in children. Lumps' prominence in pediatric guidelines underscores their priority, aligning with nursing's role in early detection to improve survival rates in young patients.
Which agent is the usually choice for moderate to severe travelers diarrhea?
- A. metronidazole
- B. doxycycline
- C. norfloxacin
- D. penicillin
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Norfloxacin fluoroquinolone zaps travelers' E. coli, not metro, doxy, pen, or cotrim's fade. Nurses pick this chronic gut punch.
A patient undergoing external radiation has developed a dry desquamation of the skin in the treatment area. The nurse teaches the patient about the management of the skin reaction. Which statement, if made by the patient, indicates the teaching was effective?
- A. I can use ice packs to relieve itching.
- B. I will scrub the area with warm water.
- C. I can buy aloe vera gel to use on my skin.
- D. I will expose my skin to a sun lamp each day.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Dry desquamation flaky, itchy radiated skin loves aloe vera; it soothes without gunking up or infecting. Ice burns it; scrubbing rips it; sun lamps torch it worse. Nurses in oncology teach this gentle, natural relief keeps skin sane through radiation's rough ride, a patient win if they get it.
Which of the following is NOT part of the histology of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis?
- A. Fatty infiltration in liver
- B. Fibrosis of liver
- C. Inflammatory infiltrates in lobules
- D. Cirrhosis
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: NASH histology includes steatosis (fatty infiltration), lobular inflammation, and fibrosis, per pathology definitions. Mallory bodies (intracellular inclusions) are classic but not universal. Cirrhosis is an advanced NAFLD outcome, not a defining NASH feature progression, not initial histology. This distinction aids physicians in staging chronic liver disease accurately.
As per Johnson and Chang (2014) which of the following is not a component of the Chronic Care Model?
- A. Person centred care
- B. Population health approach
- C. Community setting, collaborative across both primary and secondary care
- D. Reactive, symptom driven
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The Chronic Care Model thrives on proactive pillars person-centered focus, population health, and community-primary-secondary teamwork aiming to preempt, not just patch, chronic woes. Reactive, symptom-driven care's old-school, clashing with this forward lean. Nurses ditch that lag, embracing prevention, a model shift for chronic mastery.