Nokea
A nurse is preparing to administer a client's daily dose of NPH insulin at 0730. The nurse should expect this type of insulin to peak within which of the following timeframes after administration?
- A. 30 minutes to 3 hours.
- B. 2 to 6 hours.
- C. 4 to 5 hours.
- D. 6 to 10 hours.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: 6 to 10 hours. NPH insulin typically peaks around 6-10 hours after administration. This delayed peak is important to prevent hypoglycemia between meals. It is an intermediate-acting insulin, so it takes longer to reach its peak effect compared to short-acting insulins. Option A (30 minutes to 3 hours) is too short for NPH insulin to peak. Option B (2 to 6 hours) is closer but does not fully capture the peak timeframe. Option C (4 to 5 hours) is not accurate as NPH insulin peaks later. Therefore, option D is the most appropriate choice based on the pharmacokinetics of NPH insulin.
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A nurse is teaching the parents of a child who has diabetes mellitus about the manifestations of hypoglycemia. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. Dry mucous membranes.
- B. Polyuria.
- C. Poria.
- D. Bradycardia.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Bradycardia. Hypoglycemia can lead to decreased heart rate due to inadequate glucose supply to the heart. This can result in bradycardia. Dry mucous membranes (A) are more indicative of dehydration. Polyuria (B) is excessive urination, which is not a common manifestation of hypoglycemia. "Poria" (C) is not a recognized medical term. Therefore, the correct manifestation to include in teaching about hypoglycemia in a child with diabetes mellitus is bradycardia.
A nurse is preparing to administer amoxicillin 250 mg PO. Available is amoxicillin oral suspension 125 mg/5 mL. How many mL should the nurse administer? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.).
- A. 2 mL.
- B. 5 mL.
- C. 8 mL.
- D. 10 mL.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: To determine the correct amount of oral suspension to administer, we first need to calculate the total mL needed for 250 mg of amoxicillin. Given that the concentration is 125 mg/5 mL, we can set up a proportion: 125 mg is to 5 mL as 250 mg is to x mL. Cross multiply to find x: 125x = 250*5. Solving for x, we get x = 250*5/125 = 10 mL. Therefore, the nurse should administer 10 mL of amoxicillin oral suspension.
Choice A (2 mL) is incorrect because it is only half of the calculated amount. Choice B (5 mL) is incorrect because it does not account for the higher dosage required. Choice C (8 mL) is incorrect as it is too low based on the calculation.
A nurse is preparing to administer Lactated Ringer's solution IV to infuse at 120 mL/hr for a client who has a respiratory disorder. The drop factor in the manual IV tubing is 60 gtt/mL. The nurse should set the flow rate to deliver how many gtts/min?
- A. 20 gtt/min.
- B. 30 gtt/min.
- C. 120 gtt/min.
- D. 50 gtt/min.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: 120 gtt/min. To calculate the infusion rate in gtts/min, first convert the prescribed rate of 120 mL/hr to gtts/hr by multiplying it by the drop factor of 60 gtt/mL.
120 mL/hr * 60 gtt/mL = 7200 gtts/hr
Next, convert gtts/hr to gtts/min by dividing by 60 (since there are 60 minutes in an hour):
7200 gtts/hr / 60 min = 120 gtts/min
Therefore, the nurse should set the flow rate to deliver 120 gtts/min.
Choice A is incorrect as it is lower than the correct answer. Choice B is incorrect as it is also lower than the correct answer. Choice D is incorrect as it is higher than the correct answer.
A nurse is reviewing laboratory data from a client who has a pulmonary embolism and is receiving IV heparin. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?
- A. Patient's platelets 100,000.
- B. Prothrombin time (PT) 12 seconds.
- C. Thrombin time (TT) 55 seconds.
- D. Hematocrit 35%.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Patient's platelets 100,000. In a client receiving IV heparin for a pulmonary embolism, a platelet count of 100,000 indicates potential heparin-induced thrombocytopenia, a serious adverse effect that can lead to thrombosis. Thrombocytopenia increases the risk of bleeding. This finding needs immediate attention from the provider to prevent complications. The other choices are incorrect because B (PT) and C (TT) are not directly related to heparin therapy monitoring, and D (Hematocrit) does not indicate a potential adverse effect of heparin therapy like thrombocytopenia does.
The physician orders vancomycin hydrochloride 2 g/day by mouth in 4 divided doses. The pharmacy fills the client's prescription with 500 mg vancomycin hydrochloride capsules. The nurse should instruct the client to take______capsule(s) per dose.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Correct Answer: A
Rationale: To calculate how many capsules to take per dose, divide the total daily dose (2 g) by the strength of each capsule (500 mg).
1. Convert 2 g to mg: 2 g = 2000 mg
2. Divide 2000 mg by 500 mg per capsule: 2000 mg / 500 mg = 4 capsules per day
3. Since the prescription is to be taken in 4 divided doses, the client should take 1 capsule per dose.
Summary:
B: Incorrect - Not the correct calculation based on the dose and capsule strength.
C: Incorrect - Not the correct calculation based on the dose and capsule strength.
D: Incorrect - Not the correct calculation based on the dose and capsule strength.
E: Incorrect - Not the correct calculation based on the dose and capsule strength.
F: Incorrect - Not the correct calculation based on the dose and capsule strength.
G: Incorrect - Not the correct calculation