Cardiovascular System Exam Questions Pdf

Cardiovascular System Exam Questions Pdf Related

Review Cardiovascular System Exam Questions Pdf related questions and content

What is a condition where the heart is unable to relax properly between beats, reducing its ability to fill with blood?

  • A. Diastolic heart failure
  • B. Systolic heart failure
  • C. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
  • D. Restrictive cardiomyopathy
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Diastolic heart failure. In diastolic heart failure, the heart is unable to relax properly during the filling phase (diastole), leading to impaired filling of the ventricles. This results in decreased blood supply to the body. Systolic heart failure, on the other hand, is characterized by the heart's inability to contract effectively during the ejection phase (systole). Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy involves abnormal thickening of the heart muscle, affecting its function. Restrictive cardiomyopathy is characterized by stiffening of the heart muscle, impairing its ability to relax and fill properly, but it is different from diastolic heart failure.

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Which of the following veins is the largest and carries back deoxygenated blood from the tissues in the lower extremities and enters the heart proximally?

  • A. Pulmonary artery
  • B. Inferior vena cava
  • C. Pulmonary vein
  • D. Superior vena cava
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The inferior vena cava is the largest vein carrying deoxygenated blood from the lower body into the heart.

Which artery supplies the anterior wall of the left ventricle, the anterior interventricular septum, the anterior papillary muscles, and apex of the heart?

  • A. Left anterior descending artery
  • B. Left circumflex artery
  • C. Posterior descending artery
  • D. Aortic artery
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Left anterior descending artery. This artery supplies the structures mentioned due to its location and distribution in the heart. The left anterior descending artery runs along the anterior interventricular groove and provides blood flow to the anterior wall of the left ventricle, anterior interventricular septum, anterior papillary muscles, and apex of the heart. The other choices are incorrect because:
B: Left circumflex artery supplies the lateral and posterior walls of the left ventricle.
C: Posterior descending artery supplies the inferior part of the heart.
D: Aortic artery is not a specific artery that supplies the mentioned structures.

What is a condition where the airways become swollen and produce extra mucus, making it difficult to breathe, often associated with COPD?

  • A. Chronic bronchitis
  • B. Pneumonia
  • C. Emphysema
  • D. Tuberculosis
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Rationale:
1. Chronic bronchitis is characterized by inflammation of the airways leading to excess mucus production.
2. It is a common symptom of COPD, obstructing airflow and causing breathing difficulties.
3. Pneumonia, emphysema, and tuberculosis do not primarily involve airway inflammation and mucus production as seen in chronic bronchitis.

A patient who is in the 10th week of outpatient cardiac rehabilitation continues to exhibit symptoms of depression. When developing a discharge plan, the cardiac-vascular nurse includes:

  • A. a referral for counseling and possible medication.
  • B. a trial of herbal remedies.
  • C. alternative therapies, including yoga and massage.
  • D. comprehensive information about the patient's cardiac status to help reduce their anxiety.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Referral for counseling and medication is appropriate for managing depression in this context.

Which of the following is a chronic condition where the heart muscle is weakened and unable to pump blood effectively, often leading to heart failure?

  • A. Dilated cardiomyopathy
  • B. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
  • C. Restrictive cardiomyopathy
  • D. Myocarditis
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Rationale:
1. Dilated cardiomyopathy (A) is characterized by the heart muscle becoming weak and enlarged, leading to ineffective pumping.
2. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (B) involves thickened heart muscle but not necessarily weakened.
3. Restrictive cardiomyopathy (C) involves stiffening of the heart muscle, not necessarily weakening.
4. Myocarditis (D) is inflammation of the heart muscle, not specifically related to chronic weakening and heart failure.
Therefore, A is the correct answer as it directly relates to the weakened heart muscle leading to ineffective pumping and heart failure.

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