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Which of the following women should be screened for breast cancer?
- A. A 35-year-old woman with three children and no family history of breast cancer
- B. A 59-year-old woman with no children who still gets her period every month
- C. A 25-year-old woman with one child whom she gave birth to when she was a teenager
- D. A 17-year-old woman with one child who started menstruating at the age of 13
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Breast cancer screening is recommended for women over 40, as the incidence increases with age.
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A nurse is educating a person about the process of cognitive restructuring. Which of the following actions should be taken at the end of this process?
- A. Take a deep breath.
- B. Select a realistic alternative thought.
- C. Reflect on the situation.
- D. Stop generating negative thoughts.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The most effective approach to restructuring thought patterns is to first stop generating negative thoughts, then take a deep breath to relax, then think about how the thought process is affecting well-being, and last, select a new realistic thought pattern to replace the negative thought pattern.
A nurse is interviewing members of a substance abuse unit at a local Veterans Administration (VA) hospital. Which of the following parts of a community is the nurse assessing?
- A. Structure of a community
- B. Subsystem of a community
- C. Supra system of a community
- D. Interaction of a community
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The substance abuse unit is a subsystem within the larger community (the VA hospital and its network).
A client is scheduled to have open-heart surgery but has not been informed about potential complications. Which ethical concept has been ignored?
- A. Beneficence
- B. Autonomy
- C. Justice
- D. Informed consent
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Informed consent requires that the client be fully aware of all risks before making an informed decisio
The interrelationship of poverty and health care dollars spent by Blacks and other minorities is affected greatly by:
- A. Lack of access to preventive health care services
- B. Low numbers of minority health care providers
- C. Use of emergency rooms for care
- D. Increased infant mortality rates in African American populations
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Lack of access to preventive care leads to higher health care costs and reliance on emergency rooms for more expensive treatments.
A new father is installing a car seat for an infant in the car. Which of the following information should be given to the father by the nurse?
- A. The infant should be in a rear-facing car seat in the front seat.
- B. The infant should be in a rear-facing car seat in the back seat.
- C. The infant should be in a front-facing car seat in the front seat.
- D. The infant should be in a front-facing car seat in the back seat.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rear-facing car seats in the back seat are recommended by the AAP for infants up to 2 years of age.