A nurse is educating a person about the process of cognitive restructuring. Which of the following actions should be taken at the end of this process?
- A. Take a deep breath.
- B. Select a realistic alternative thought.
- C. Reflect on the situation.
- D. Stop generating negative thoughts.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The most effective approach to restructuring thought patterns is to first stop generating negative thoughts, then take a deep breath to relax, then think about how the thought process is affecting well-being, and last, select a new realistic thought pattern to replace the negative thought pattern.
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A nurse is asked to provide an expert opinion about the development of an education program for newly diagnosed diabetics. In this scenario, the nurse is acting as a(n):
- A. Advocate
- B. Care manager
- C. Consultant
- D. Educator
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A consultant offers expert advice on a specific area, such as designing an educational program for diabetics.
A nurse believes that it is his responsibility to ensure the safety of the public by administering flu shots to everyone in the community. Which ethical theory is being used by the nurse?
- A. Descriptive value theory
- B. Normative theory
- C. Consequentialism theory
- D. Duty-based theory
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Consequentialism focuses on actions that aim to produce the greatest benefit for society as a whole.
Which of the following best describes an abnormality in structure or function that occurs during fetal development?
- A. Congenital defect
- B. Genetic defect
- C. Embryonic defect
- D. Chromosomal defect
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A congenital defect refers to any abnormality in structure or function during fetal development.
An inborn set of physiological changes that offset those of the fight or flight response is known as:
- A. Self-efficacy
- B. Catecholamine surge
- C. Relaxation response
- D. Metabolism
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Relaxation response is an inborn set of physiological changes that offset those of the fight-or-flight response.
A nurse is teaching parents of a toddler about nutrition. Which of the following statements should be made by the nurse?
- A. “Raisins are a good finger food because they provide fiber.”
- B. “Grapes are a good snack choice because they help toddlers meet their daily fruit requirements.”
- C. “Hot dogs are not a safe food choice because they may cause choking.”
- D. “A small piece of chewing gum will help strengthen jaw muscle; just be sure he or she does not swallow it.”
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Raisins, grapes, and chewing gum pose a choking hazard for toddlers.