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A mother is concerned because her 13-year-old daughter comes home happy one day and sad the next. Which of the following is the best initial response from the nurse?
- A. The changes during adolescence can be stressful as they struggle to come to terms with who they are. What other types of behaviors has she been displaying?
- B. Changes in affect can be a warning sign for suicide. Has she had any increase in risk-taking behaviors or physical violence?
- C. Is there any history of psychological disorders in your family?
- D. Withdrawal can be a sign of substance abuse. Has she given you any indication she might be using illicit drugs?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Mood swings are typical during adolescence, but further investigation is needed if other concerning behaviors are present.
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Which form of managed care restricts providers to caring for individuals who are members of their organization?
- A. Fee-for-service plan
- B. Health maintenance organization (HMO)
- C. Preferred provider organization (PPO)
- D. Independent practice association (IPA)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Health maintenance organizations (HMOs) restrict care to members of the organization, focusing on preventative care.
Cognition in older adults: What is true?
- A. "Mild dementia is normal with aging."
- B. "All forms of dementia have the same symptoms."
- C. "Assessment for dementia should be part of routine exams."
- D. "Elders scoring below 27 on the MMSE are unlikely to have cognitive problems."
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Regular cognitive assessments help detect changes in function; dementia is not normal with aging.
Which of the following statements about race and culture in the United States is correct?
- A. The United States ranks 22nd in the world for infant mortality rate.
- B. Ethnic minority populations have higher rates of low-birth-weight infants.
- C. Black infants are more likely to have cleft palates than Native American infants.
- D. Whites have more fraternal twin pregnancies than non-Whites.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ethnic minorities, particularly Black populations, face higher rates of low-birth-weight infants.
A community health nurse is using the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) as a guide while developing an education presentation about nutrition for a community group. How will the use of the DRIs be helpful in developing this presentation?
- A. It considers the unique differences among children, pregnant women, and elderly people.
- B. It contains well-researched data that are reviewed on an annual basis.
- C. It is prescriptive in the amount of nutrients that are needed on a daily basis.
- D. It serves as an overall guideline for the population.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: DRIs provide guidelines for populations, offering general guidance rather than specific daily nutrient amounts.
A mother thinks her 2-year-old child drank Drano. What should the nurse tell the mother to do next?
- A. Call the pediatrician on call.
- B. Give ipecac syrup.
- C. Call the Poison Control Center.
- D. Wait to see if the child will vomit.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The mother should contact Poison Control before administering any treatment.