Nokea
Which nursing action would best help the child to cope with the effects of the chemotherapy?
- A. Serve the child a well-balanced meal before beginning the chemotherapy.
- B. Give the child an antiemetic before beginning the chemotherapy.
- C. Encourage the child to get plenty of rest before beginning the chemotherapy.
- D. Give the child pain medication before beginning the chemotherapy.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Chemotherapy often causes nausea and vomiting. Administering an antiemetic prophylactically manages these side effects, improving the child's comfort and coping.
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The mother of a healthy 15-hour-old term newborn asks the nurse if the PKU blood test could be completed now on her infant because she and her infant are being discharged to home. Which statement should be the basis for the nurse’s response?
- A. The PKU test must be completed when the infant is at least 1 month of age.
- B. The parents must be required to obtain the test within the first week after discharge if completed before 24 hours of age.
- C. The PKU test is best if completed after the infant is 24 hours old but before 7 days of age.
- D. The PKU test is not needed if the infant is tolerating feedings without diarrhea or vomiting.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The PKU test is most accurate after 24 hours and before 7 days allowing sufficient protein intake. Early discharge requires follow-up testing and feeding tolerance doesn’t exempt testing.
Which response by the nurse best explains why aspirin is preferred to acetaminophen (Tylenol) in the treatment of rheumatic fever?
- A. Aspirin controls fever better.
- B. Aspirin prevents infections.
- C. Aspirin relieves joint inflammation.
- D. Aspirin prevents cardiac enlargement.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Aspirin is preferred in rheumatic fever due to its anti-inflammatory properties, which relieve joint inflammation and pain associated with polyarthritis. Acetaminophen lacks significant anti-inflammatory effects, making aspirin more effective.
Which assessment finding is most indicative of a child with a protein deficiency?
- A. Brittle hair and dry skin
- B. Frequent nosebleeds
- C. High fever and chills
- D. Rapid weight gain
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Protein deficiency can lead to brittle hair and dry skin due to inadequate protein for tissue repair and maintenance, a hallmark of conditions like kwashiorkor.
Which response by the nurse best explains why insulin must be given subcutaneously?
- A. The oral form of insulin can lead to the worsening of diabetes.
- B. The oral form of insulin is not yet available for use.
- C. Insulin is a protein that is destroyed by digestive enzymes.
- D. Insulin given by the oral route causes severe vomiting.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Insulin is a protein hormone that would be broken down by digestive enzymes in the gastrointestinal tract if taken orally, rendering it ineffective. Subcutaneous administration ensures it reaches the bloodstream intact.
The nurse is caring for the infant in the neonatal ICU who has an umbilical artery catheter (UAC) in place. To monitor for and prevent complications with this catheter,which actions should be planned by the nurse? Select all that apply.
- A. Check the position marking on the catheter every shift.
- B. Position the tubing close to the infant’s lower limbs.
- C. Check for erythema or discoloration of the abdominal wall.
- D. Palpate for femoral,pedal,and tibial pulses every 2 to 4 hours.
- E. Reposition the catheter tubing every hour.
- F. Monitor blood glucose levels.
Correct Answer: A,C,D,F
Rationale: Check catheter position abdominal wall pulses every 2–4 hours and glucose levels to monitor for displacement bleeding perfusion issues or hypoglycemia. Keep tubing away from limbs and avoid frequent repositioning to reduce infection risk.