Nokea
The most common preventive drug therapy for tuberculosis is:
- A. Prednisone.
- B. Isoniazid.
- C. Gamma globulin.
- D. Aminophylline.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Isoniazid. Isoniazid is the most common preventive drug therapy for tuberculosis due to its effectiveness in treating latent TB infections. It works by killing the bacteria that cause TB. Prednisone is a steroid and not used as a preventive therapy for TB. Gamma globulin is used for immune deficiency disorders, not TB prevention. Aminophylline is a bronchodilator used for asthma, not TB prevention. In summary, isoniazid is the preferred choice for TB prevention due to its specific antimycobacterial action, while the other options are unrelated or ineffective for this purpose.
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Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching plan of a client with acute bronchitis?
- A. Not coughing frequently
- B. Consuming adequate calories
- C. Washing the hands frequently
- D. Encouraging a semi-Fowler’s position
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Frequent handwashing prevents the spread of infection, which is crucial in managing acute bronchitis. A (not coughing frequently) is impractical and counterproductive. B (consuming adequate calories) supports general health but is not specific. D (semi-Fowler’s position) may aid breathing but is not a primary teaching point.
Client history and assessment reveals all of these findings. Which finding supports the diagnosis of PE?
- A. Client was recently in a motor vehicle accident.
- B. Client participated in an aerobic exercise program for 6 months.
- C. Client gave birth to youngest child 1 year ago.
- D. Client was on bedrest 6 hours after diagnostic procedure.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Recent trauma or immobility due to a motor vehicle accident increases the risk of PE. Aerobic exercise (B), childbirth over a year ago (C), and brief bedrest (D) are less likely risk factors.
While assessing an acutely ill patient's respiratory rate, the nurse assesses four normal breaths followed by an episode of apnea lasting 20 seconds. How should the nurse document this finding?
- A. Eupnea
- B. Apnea
- C. Biot's respiration
- D. Cheyne-Stokes
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Biot's respiration. Biot's respiration is characterized by regular breathing interrupted by periods of apnea. In this scenario, the nurse observed normal breaths followed by a 20-second episode of apnea, which aligns with Biot's respiration. It is crucial to document this finding accurately to ensure appropriate care.
Incorrect answers:
A: Eupnea refers to normal breathing without any interruptions or irregularities. The presence of apnea in the scenario rules out eupnea.
B: Apnea would be an incomplete assessment as it does not capture the alternating pattern of normal breaths and apnea observed in Biot's respiration.
D: Cheyne-Stokes breathing involves a cyclical pattern of gradually increasing and decreasing breathing rates, which is not evident in the scenario described.
What is the most effective treatment for cystic fibrosis?
- A. Heart-lung transplant
- B. Administration of prophylactic antibiotics
- C. Administration of nebulized bronchodilators
- D. Vigorous and consistent chest physiotherapy
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The most effective treatment for cystic fibrosis is vigorous and consistent chest physiotherapy, as it helps in clearing the mucus and improving lung function.
The ________ circulation picks up oxygen for cellular use and drops off carbon dioxide for removal from the body.
- A. pulmonary
- B. interlobular
- C. respiratory
- D. bronchial
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: pulmonary. The pulmonary circulation involves the flow of blood between the heart and the lungs. In this circulation, deoxygenated blood from the body is pumped to the lungs to pick up oxygen and release carbon dioxide. The oxygenated blood is then returned to the heart to be pumped to the rest of the body. The other choices (B: interlobular, C: respiratory, D: bronchial) are incorrect because they do not specifically refer to the circulation responsible for oxygenating blood and removing carbon dioxide in the lungs. Instead, they relate to other structures or functions within the respiratory system.