Endocrine Review of Systems Questions

Endocrine Review of Systems Questions Related

Review Endocrine Review of Systems Questions related questions and content

Ritodrine is a drug indicated for suppressing uterine contractions in premature labor. The drug also causes bronchodilation. It has no vasoconstrictor effects, nor any effects on the size of the pupil of the eye. Which of the following is the most likely classification of this drug?

  • A. α-adrenergic agonist
  • B. Antimuscarinic drug
  • C. β-adrenergic agonist
  • D. β-adrenergic blocker
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: β-adrenergic agonist. Ritodrine is indicated for suppressing uterine contractions, which is a typical effect of β-adrenergic agonists. Bronchodilation is also a known effect of β-adrenergic agonists. Since the drug has no vasoconstrictor effects and does not affect the size of the pupil of the eye, it is unlikely to be an α-adrenergic agonist or an antimuscarinic drug. Additionally, the fact that ritodrine causes bronchodilation further supports its classification as a β-adrenergic agonist.

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The posterior pituitary stores and releases .

  • A. prolactin and oxytocin
  • B. oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
  • C. ADH and growth hormone
  • D. growth hormone and prolactin
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone (ADH).
1. The posterior pituitary stores and releases oxytocin and ADH.
2. Oxytocin is responsible for uterine contractions and milk ejection.
3. ADH regulates water balance by controlling water reabsorption in the kidneys.
Therefore, B is the correct answer.
A, C, and D are incorrect because prolactin, growth hormone, and other hormones are not stored or released by the posterior pituitary.

Which gland secretes melatonin and is concerned with our biological rhythms?

  • A. Pancreas
  • B. Adenohypophysis
  • C. Pineal gland
  • D. Adrenal gland
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Pineal gland. The pineal gland is responsible for secreting melatonin, a hormone that regulates our biological rhythms such as sleep-wake cycles. This gland is located in the brain and plays a crucial role in maintaining our circadian rhythm. The other choices are incorrect because:
A: The pancreas secretes insulin and glucagon to regulate blood sugar levels, not melatonin.
B: The adenohypophysis, or anterior pituitary gland, secretes various hormones but not melatonin.
D: The adrenal gland produces hormones like cortisol and adrenaline, not melatonin.

Which system works closely with the endocrine system to coordinate the body's functions?

  • A. nervous system
  • B. immune system
  • C. circulatory system
  • D. respiratory system
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: nervous system. The nervous system works closely with the endocrine system to coordinate the body's functions through the release of neurotransmitters and hormones. The nervous system uses electrical signals to transmit information rapidly, while the endocrine system releases hormones into the bloodstream to regulate various bodily functions. The immune system (B) protects the body from infections, the circulatory system (C) transports nutrients and oxygen throughout the body, and the respiratory system (D) is responsible for gas exchange. However, these systems do not directly coordinate with the endocrine system in the same way the nervous system does.

The posterior pituitary stores and releases:

  • A. Growth hormone and prolactin.
  • B. Prolactin and oxytocin.
  • C. Oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone (ADH).
  • D. ADH and growth hormone.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone (ADH). The posterior pituitary stores and releases oxytocin and ADH, also known as vasopressin. Oxytocin is involved in uterine contractions and milk ejection, while ADH regulates water reabsorption in the kidneys. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because the posterior pituitary does not store or release growth hormone or prolactin.

Which of the following should the nurse advise a client with diabetes insipidus in order to reduce fluid loss?

  • A. Remain in air-conditioned areas during hot and humid weather
  • B. Avoid any activity
  • C. Emphasize compliance with drug therapy
  • D. Avoid a high-protein diet
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Emphasizing compliance with drug therapy, such as desmopressin, is critical to reduce fluid loss in clients with diabetes insipidus.

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