Nokea
Which is not a function of the hypothalamus?
- A. Affect heart rate
- B. Control temperature
- C. Affect water balance
- D. Secrete FSH
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Secrete FSH. The hypothalamus produces releasing and inhibiting hormones that regulate the pituitary gland's secretion of hormones such as FSH. The hypothalamus itself does not secrete FSH. A, B, and C are functions of the hypothalamus as it is involved in regulating heart rate, temperature control, and water balance through various hormonal and neural pathways.
You may also like to solve these questions
The diabetic patient has all of these assessment findings. Which will you instruct the LPN/LVN to report immediately?
- A. Fingerstick glucose of 185 mg/dL
- B. Numbness and tingling in both feet
- C. Profuse perspiration
- D. Bunion on left great toe
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Numbness and tingling in both feet are signs of diabetic neuropathy and could be indicative of a worsening condition that requires immediate reporting.
Virilization is characterized by:
- A. excess facial hair.
- B. buffalo hump.
- C. truncal obesity.
- D. gonadal atrophy.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: excess facial hair. Virilization refers to the development of male secondary sexual characteristics in females due to increased androgen levels. Excess facial hair, known as hirsutism, is a classic sign of virilization. Buffalo hump (B) and truncal obesity (C) are associated with Cushing's syndrome, not virilization. Gonadal atrophy (D) refers to the shrinkage of the gonads and is not a typical feature of virilization.
What assessment findings, specific to the endocrine glands, should a nurse observe while inspecting the skin of a client during a physical examination?
- A. Skin breaks that heal quickly
- B. Excessive hair growth or loss
- C. Increased thickness
- D. Rashes with no underlying cause
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Excessive hair growth or loss can be indicative of endocrine imbalances, such as those seen in conditions like hyperthyroidism or polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).
Which of the following is NOT a major endocrine organ, but produces hormones in addition to its major function?
- A. pancreas
- B. thymus
- C. kidneys
- D. pituitary
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: kidneys. The kidneys are not considered a major endocrine organ, but they do produce hormones such as erythropoietin and renin as part of their major function of regulating fluid balance and blood pressure. The pancreas (A) is a major endocrine organ producing insulin and glucagon. The thymus (B) is involved in immune function and produces hormones like thymosin. The pituitary (D) is often referred to as the master gland and secretes various hormones that regulate other endocrine glands.
Which of the following statements regarding pituitary hormones is false?
- A. The hypothalamus makes oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone, which are transported to the posterior pituitary for storage.
- B. Antidiuretic hormone, released by the posterior pituitary, causes urine volume to increase and blood volume to decrease.
- C. Luteinizing hormone, an anterior pituitary hormone, triggers ovulation of an egg from the ovary and causes the ruptured follicle to produce progesterone and some estrogens.
- D. Hyposecretion of follicle-stimulating hormone or luteinizing hormone leads to sterility in both males and females.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Step 1: Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is released by the posterior pituitary, and its main function is to increase water reabsorption in the kidneys, leading to decreased urine volume and increased blood volume.
Step 2: If ADH causes urine volume to increase and blood volume to decrease, it would be counterproductive to its known physiological role.
Step 3: Therefore, Choice B is false as it contradicts the established function of ADH.
Summary:
- Choice A is true because oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone are indeed produced in the hypothalamus and stored in the posterior pituitary.
- Choice C is true as luteinizing hormone does trigger ovulation and stimulates the production of progesterone and some estrogens.
- Choice D is true because hyposecretion of follicle-stimulating hormone or luteinizing hormone can lead to infertility in both males and females.